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| | ===Viral Causes=== | | ===Viral Causes=== |
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| − | ====Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)==== | + | ====[[Feline Leukaemia Virus]] ==== |
| − | [[Image:FeLV Electron Micrograph.jpg|thumb|right|150px|FeLV Electron Micrograph [http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp Public Health Image Library] Image #5610]]
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| − | [[Image:Kinetics of FeLV 2.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Kinetics of FeLV - Copyright Dr Brian Catchpole BVetMed PhD MRCVS]]
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| − | *Oncogenic retrovirus
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| − | *Causes neoplasia (lymphoma), myelosuppression (anaemia) and immunosuppression (of [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]])
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| − | *2 strains:
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| − | **FeLV-A
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| − | ***Natural strain
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| − | **FeLV-B
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| − | ***Formed through FeLV-A recombining with endogenous retroviral sequences in the feline genome
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| − | ***Increases the risks of lymphoma
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| − | **FeLV-C
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| − | ***Formed from the spontaneous mutation of FeLV-A
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| − | ***Is more myelosuppressive
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| − | *Virus replicates in the oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue causing a viraemia (virus circulating in the bloodstream) which then spreads to the systemic lymphoid tissue
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| − | *Shed in saliva
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| − | *Passed by oronasal route, e.g. mutual grooming
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| − | *Kittens between 6 weeks and 6 months are most susceptible
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| − | *60% of cats will become immune to the disease and recover
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| − | *Cats that are persistently viraemic will progress to develop FeLV-associated diseases
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| − | *Some cats will become viraemic again if treated with corticosteroids or stressed if the infection lies dormant in the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]]
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| − | *Diagnosis:
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| − | **ELISA
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| − | **Rapid-Immuno-Migration
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| − | **Western Blot
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| − | **Virus Isolation
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| − | **Immunofluorescence
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| − | **PCR
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| − | *Treatment:
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| − | **Antibiotics for secondary infection
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| − | **Anti-retroviral therapy
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| − | *For vaccinations see [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#Cat Vaccinations|here]]
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| | ====Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)==== | | ====Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)==== |
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| | **Anti-retroviral therapy | | **Anti-retroviral therapy |
| | *For vaccinations see [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#Cat Vaccinations|here]] | | *For vaccinations see [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#Cat Vaccinations|here]] |
| − | | + | [[Category:Secondary Immunodeficiency]] |
| | ====Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)==== | | ====Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV)==== |
| | *Lentivirus (non-oncogenic) | | *Lentivirus (non-oncogenic) |
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| | **Western Blot | | **Western Blot |
| | **PCR | | **PCR |
| − | | + | [[Category:Secondary Immunodeficiency]][[To Do - Blood]] |
| | ===Toxic Causes=== | | ===Toxic Causes=== |
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