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Cervix - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 16:37, 3 January 2023
, 16:37, 3 January 2023no edit summary
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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
The cervix can be palpated transrectally and forms a sphincter controlling access to the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]].The anatomy of the cervical canal is adapted to suit a particular pattern of reproduction and its composition will alter under the influence of reproductive hormones. Not only does it respond to the fluctuation in oestrodiol during the [[Oestrous Cycle - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrous cycle]], but is responsive to prostaglandins and oxytocin in order to [[Parturition_-_Cervical_Softening_- Anatomy & Physiology|'soften']] for [[Reproductive_System_- Anatomy & Physiology#Parturition|parturition]].
The cervix can be palpated transrectally and forms a sphincter controlling access to the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]].The anatomy of the cervical canal is adapted to suit a particular pattern of reproduction and its composition will alter under the influence of reproductive hormones. Not only does it respond to the fluctuation in oestrodiol during the [[Oestrous Cycle - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrous cycle]], but is responsive to prostaglandins and oxytocin in order to [[Cervical Softening - Anatomy & Physiology|'soften']] for [[:Category:Pregnancy and Parturition|parturition]].
==Structure==
==Structure==
* Single fold
* Single fold
* Smooth surface
* Smooth surface
==Histology==
==Histology==
[[Image:Ewe Cervix.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Histological Section of the Cervix of a Ewe- Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Ewe Cervix.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Histological Section of the Cervix of a Ewe- from the [[Female Reproductive Tract Histology resource|Histology of the female reproductive tract PowerPoint]] ]]
[[Image:Ewe Cervical Lumen.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Histological Section of the Cervical Lumen of a Ewe- Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Ewe Cervical Lumen.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Histological Section of the Cervical Lumen of a Ewe- from the [[Female Reproductive Tract Histology resource|Histology of the female reproductive tract PowerPoint]] ]]
*Uterine artery off the Internal Iliac artery (External Iliac artery in the Mare).
*Uterine artery off the Internal Iliac artery (External Iliac artery in the Mare).
==Function==
* Provides a physical barrier to the uterus therefore preventing abortion due to infection by isolating the foetus from the external environment, closure is via the mucosal folds.
* Cervical mucosa produces a mucous secretion which forms a mucous plug that helps close the cervical canal. This is easily expelled during [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrus]] and parturition.
* Barrier to sperm transport in the ewe, cow, bitch and queen, but not in the sow and mare.
* Assists with the storage and survival of sperm by admitting sperm to the genital tract at a time when [[Fertilisation - Anatomy & Physiology|fertilisation]] is possible (around [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]]).
* Mucus production for lubrication and to prevent microorganisms from entering the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]].
* Remodels itself at the end of gestation to allow birth and to stimulate the development of maternal behaviour.
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{{Template:Learning
|powerpoints = [[Female Reproductive Tract Histology resource|Histology of the female reproductive tract]]
}}
==Webinars==
<rss max="10" highlight="none">https://www.thewebinarvet.com/urogenital-and-reproduction/webinars/feed</rss>
[[Category:Female Reproduction]]
[[Category:Female Reproduction]]
[[Category:Bullet Points]]