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==Introduction==
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==Overview==
The cheeks (buccae) are important in the process of [[Mastication|mastication]] (and also drinking in herbivores). Minor [[Oral Cavity - Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Salivary glands]] are located within the buccal musculature.
The cheeks (buccae) are important in the process of [[Mastication|mastication]] (and also drinking in herbivores). Minor [[Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Salivary glands]] are located within the buccal musculature. The cheeks also create extensive food storage pouches in some species.
The cheeks also create extensive food storage pouches in some species.
==Structure and Function==
The cheeks are composed of many of the muscles of [[mastication]].
The main muscles of [[mastication]] are:
*The '''masseter''' muscle
*The '''lateral''' and '''medial''' pterygoids
*The '''digastricus''' muscle
*The '''temporalis''' muscle
Other muscles that aid mastication include :
*the buccinator muscle
*the zygomaticus muscle
*the platysma muscle
The '''[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid duct]]''' opens in a small papillae above the upper fourth premolar (canid).
==Innervation==
The cheeks are innervated by the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]]) and the facial nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]).
==Histology==
==Histology==
*Non keratinised stratified epithelium
*Non keratinised stratified epithelium
*Some keratinisation in ruminants (see species difference section)
*Some keratinisation in ruminants (see [[Cheeks#Species Differences|species difference section]] )
*[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]] glands
*[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]] glands
*[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] salivary gland
*[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] salivary gland
==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==
===Rodents===
===Rodents===
'Cheek pouches' are '''diverticula''' found in rodents (and monkeys) allowing food storage. The pouches can be extensive extending into the thorax with their own musculature.
===Ruminants===
===Ruminants===
'''Papillae''' are present on the medial surface of the cheeks. These large, pointed and densely spaced projections of '''keratin''' provide protection to the underlying epithelium due to the rough diet.
{{Learning
|flashcards = [[Cheeks Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]<br>[[Facial_Muscles_-_Musculoskeletal_-_Flashcards|Facial Muscles Flashcards]]
|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis02133.asp Masticatory Myopthies]
}}
[[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]][[Category:Musculoskeletal System]]
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[[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]]