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==Description==
==Description==
An abnormal communication between the nasal and oral cavities involving the soft and hard palate, premaxilla and or lip. Abnormalities arise from incomplete closure of the primary palate, secondary palate or both during foetal development.
An abnormal communication between the nasal and oral cavities involving the soft and hard palate, premaxilla and or lip. Abnormalities arise from during foetal development where there is incomplete closure of the primary palate, secondary palate or both.
The primary palate develops into the premaxilla and lip. If closure is not complete this will result in a primary palate or cleft lip (harelip).
The primary palate develops into the premaxilla and lip. If closure is not complete this will result in a primary palate or cleft lip (harelip).
The secondary palate forms the hard and soft palate and incomplete closure of either of these results in a secondary palate or cleft palate.
The secondary palate forms the hard and soft palate and incomplete closure of either of these results in a secondary palate or cleft palate.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
==History and Clinical Signs==
==History and Clinical Signs==
Failure to thrive with signs such as nasal discharge, nasal milk regurgitation, gagging coughing or sneezing during nursing, and respiratory infection due to aspiration pneumonia or rhinitis.
Diagnosis is made on physical exam. A cleft lip can be easily identified however a full oral examination is needed to diagnose incomplete closure of the premaxilla, hard and soft palate.
In some instances anaesthesia may be required to diagnose a soft palate problem.
Increased noise over lung fields may be heard if aspiration pneumonia is present.
Affected animals often have other concurrent congenital abnormalities and hence a thorough physical exam should be undertaken.
[[Category:Nasal Cavity - Developmental Pathology]]
[[Category:Nasal Cavity - Developmental Pathology]]
[[Category:Respiratory System - Developmental Pathology]]
[[Category:Respiratory System - Developmental Pathology]]
[[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Horse]][[Category:Goat]][[Category:Pig]][[Category:Sheep]]