Difference between revisions of "Colic - Peritoneal Fluid Analysis"
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| + | Assessing the pertioneal fluid can give information about the disease process in the very early stages. Some disease processes such as peritonitis and enteritis produce changes in the peritoneal fluid before the onset of clinical signs. This allows for the early diagnosis of the disease which will favour an improved prognosis for the patient. Strangulating obstructions produce changes in the peritoneal fluid within a few hours of the obstruction occurring. Horses with an intussusception may have normal peritoneal fluid initially as the peritonitis that develops is localised to the portion of entraped bowel. | ||
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| + | Peritoneal fluid should be assessed for colour, turbidity, specific gravity, total nucleated cell count and examined under the microscope for cytology. Normal peritonel fluid is clear to yellow in colour and has a specific gravity of 1.005 mg/dl. | ||
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Revision as of 11:06, 22 June 2010
Assessing the pertioneal fluid can give information about the disease process in the very early stages. Some disease processes such as peritonitis and enteritis produce changes in the peritoneal fluid before the onset of clinical signs. This allows for the early diagnosis of the disease which will favour an improved prognosis for the patient. Strangulating obstructions produce changes in the peritoneal fluid within a few hours of the obstruction occurring. Horses with an intussusception may have normal peritoneal fluid initially as the peritonitis that develops is localised to the portion of entraped bowel.
Peritoneal fluid should be assessed for colour, turbidity, specific gravity, total nucleated cell count and examined under the microscope for cytology. Normal peritonel fluid is clear to yellow in colour and has a specific gravity of 1.005 mg/dl.
| Clinical Condition | Appearance | Total Protein (g/dl) | Total Nucleated Cells/L | Cytology |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Clear - Yellow | < 2.0 | < 7.5 x10 (9) | 20 - 80% mononuclear cells, 40 - 80% neutrophils |
| Non-strangulating Obstruction | Clear - Yellow, Slightly turbid | < 3.0 | < 3.0 - 15.0 x 10 (9) | Mostly neutrophils (preserved) |
| Strangulating Obstruction | Red - Brown, Turbid | 2.5 - 6.0 | 5.0 - 50.0 x 10 (9) | Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) |
| Proximal Enteritis | Yellow - Red, Turbid | 3.0 - 4.5 | < 10.0 x 10 (9) | Mostly neutrophils (preserved) |
| Bowel Rupture | Red - Brown - Green, Turbid with or without particulate matter | 5.0 - 6.5 | 20 - 150 x 10 (9) | > 95% neutrophils ( severely degenerate), intracellular or extracellular bacteria, with or without particulate matter |
| Septic Peritonitis | Yellow - White, Turbid | > 3.0 | 20.0 - 100.0 x 10 (9) | Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) |
| Accidental Enterocentesis | Brown - Green, with or without paticulate matter | Variable | < 1.0 x 10 (9) | Free bacteria, plant material, few cells |
| Intraabdominal haemorrhage | Dark red | Similar TPP to peripheral blood | White Blood Cell Count increases with time | PCV less than peripheral blood, erythrocytophagia, few if any platelets |
| Post-celiotomy | Yellow - Red, Turbid | Variable | Variable | Mostly neutrophils (moderate degeneration), no intracellular bacteria |