Difference between revisions of "Colic - Peritoneal Fluid Analysis"
Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
| Clear - Yellow | | Clear - Yellow | ||
| < 2.0 | | < 2.0 | ||
− | | < 7.5 x10 | + | | < 7.5 x10<sup>9</sup> |
| 20 - 80% mononuclear cells, 40 - 80% neutrophils | | 20 - 80% mononuclear cells, 40 - 80% neutrophils | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
| Clear - Yellow, Slightly turbid | | Clear - Yellow, Slightly turbid | ||
| < 3.0 | | < 3.0 | ||
− | | < 3.0 - 15.0 x 10 | + | | < 3.0 - 15.0 x 10<sup>9</sup> |
| Mostly neutrophils (preserved) | | Mostly neutrophils (preserved) | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
| Red - Brown, Turbid | | Red - Brown, Turbid | ||
| 2.5 - 6.0 | | 2.5 - 6.0 | ||
− | | 5.0 - 50.0 x 10 | + | | 5.0 - 50.0 x 10<sup>9</sup> |
| Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) | | Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
| Yellow - Red, Turbid | | Yellow - Red, Turbid | ||
| 3.0 - 4.5 | | 3.0 - 4.5 | ||
− | | < 10.0 x 10 | + | | < 10.0 x 10<sup>9</sup> |
| Mostly neutrophils (preserved) | | Mostly neutrophils (preserved) | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
| Red - Brown - Green, Turbid with or without particulate matter | | Red - Brown - Green, Turbid with or without particulate matter | ||
| 5.0 - 6.5 | | 5.0 - 6.5 | ||
− | | 20 - 150 x 10 | + | | 20 - 150 x 10<sup>9</sup> |
| > 95% neutrophils ( severely degenerate), intracellular or extracellular bacteria, with or without particulate matter | | > 95% neutrophils ( severely degenerate), intracellular or extracellular bacteria, with or without particulate matter | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
| Yellow - White, Turbid | | Yellow - White, Turbid | ||
| > 3.0 | | > 3.0 | ||
− | | 20.0 - 100.0 x 10 | + | | 20.0 - 100.0 x 10<sup>9</sup> |
| Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) | | Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 50: | Line 50: | ||
| Brown - Green, with or without paticulate matter | | Brown - Green, with or without paticulate matter | ||
| Variable | | Variable | ||
− | | < 1.0 x 10 | + | | < 1.0 x 10<sup>9</sup> |
| Free bacteria, plant material, few cells | | Free bacteria, plant material, few cells | ||
|- | |- |
Revision as of 12:22, 22 June 2010
Assessing the pertioneal fluid can give information about the disease process in the very early stages. Some disease processes such as peritonitis and enteritis produce changes in the peritoneal fluid before the onset of clinical signs. This allows for the early diagnosis of the disease which will favour an improved prognosis for the patient. Strangulating obstructions produce changes in the peritoneal fluid within a few hours of the obstruction occurring. Horses with an intussusception may have normal peritoneal fluid initially as the peritonitis that develops is localised to the portion of entraped bowel.
Peritoneal fluid should be assessed for colour, turbidity, specific gravity, total nucleated cell count and examined under the microscope for cytology. Normal peritonel fluid is clear to yellow in colour and has a specific gravity of 1.005 mg/dl.
Clinical Condition | Appearance | Total Protein (g/dl) | Total Nucleated Cells/L | Cytology |
---|---|---|---|---|
Normal | Clear - Yellow | < 2.0 | < 7.5 x109 | 20 - 80% mononuclear cells, 40 - 80% neutrophils |
Non-strangulating Obstruction | Clear - Yellow, Slightly turbid | < 3.0 | < 3.0 - 15.0 x 109 | Mostly neutrophils (preserved) |
Strangulating Obstruction | Red - Brown, Turbid | 2.5 - 6.0 | 5.0 - 50.0 x 109 | Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) |
Proximal Enteritis | Yellow - Red, Turbid | 3.0 - 4.5 | < 10.0 x 109 | Mostly neutrophils (preserved) |
Bowel Rupture | Red - Brown - Green, Turbid with or without particulate matter | 5.0 - 6.5 | 20 - 150 x 109 | > 95% neutrophils ( severely degenerate), intracellular or extracellular bacteria, with or without particulate matter |
Septic Peritonitis | Yellow - White, Turbid | > 3.0 | 20.0 - 100.0 x 109 | Mostly neutrophils (degenerate) |
Accidental Enterocentesis | Brown - Green, with or without paticulate matter | Variable | < 1.0 x 109 | Free bacteria, plant material, few cells |
Intraabdominal haemorrhage | Dark red | Similar TPP to peripheral blood | White Blood Cell Count increases with time | PCV less than peripheral blood, erythrocytophagia, few if any platelets |
Post-celiotomy | Yellow - Red, Turbid | Variable | Variable | Mostly neutrophils (moderate degeneration), no intracellular bacteria |