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Also known as: '''''Mosquitoes
DO NOT CONFUSE WITH: [[Ceratopogonidae|''Culicoides midges'']]
[[Image:Aedes aegypti.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Aeges aegypti'' - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Aedes aegypti.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Aeges aegypti'' - Wikimedia Commons]]
Members of the Culicidae family are found across the globe and a attack a wide variety of different species. They are holometabola and have four stages to their life cycle (see below); egg, larva, pupa and adult. The flies are most active at night and largely feed on necatar, only the females take a blood meal in order to produce eggs. The bites from the female blood feed are painful to the host and can occasionally cause allergic hypersensitivity response. Aside from the pain of the bites Culicidae flies are carriers of a number of other pathogens. Viruses such as arbovirus which causes [[Equine Encephalitis Virus|equine encephalitis]] and [[Myxomatosis|rabbit myxomatosis]] as well as some parasites such as the canine heartworm, ''[[Dirofilaria immitis]]'' and avian malaria caused by ''[[Plasmodium]]''. This transmission of pathogens is the primary health concern attached with Culicidae species and the reason for the requirement to control their levels.
Members of the Culicidae family are found across the globe and a attack a wide variety of different species. They are holometabola and have four stages to their life cycle (see below); egg, larva, pupa and adult. The flies are most active at night and largely feed on necatar, only the females take a blood meal in order to produce eggs. The bites from the female blood feed are painful to the host and can occasionally cause allergic hypersensitivity response. Aside from the pain of the bites Culicidae flies are carriers of a number of other pathogens. Viruses such as arbovirus which causes [[Equine Encephalitis Virus|equine encephalitis]] and [[Myxomatosis|rabbit myxomatosis]] as well as some parasites such as the canine heartworm, ''[[Dirofilaria immitis]]'' and avian malaria caused by ''[[Plasmodium]]''. This transmission of pathogens is the primary health concern attached with Culicidae species and the reason for the requirement to control their levels.
===Control===
===Control===
The most effective method of control of these species is to remove suitable locations for eggs to be laid. This is achieved by removing objects that collect water and areas of standing water. Alongside this the use of [[Ectoparasiticides|insecticides]] is possible but requires several repeat applications. In the future it may be possible to use biological and genetic control methods which are currently under development.
The most effective method of control of these species is to remove suitable locations for eggs to be laid. This is achieved by removing objects that collect water and areas of standing water. Alongside this the use of [[Ectoparasiticides|insecticides]] is possible but requires several repeat applications. In the future it may be possible to use biological and genetic control methods which are currently under development.
==Literature Search==
Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CABdirect (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Culicidae&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=control+&occuring2=title&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=&publishedend=&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=54&y=10 Culicidae control publications]
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
[[Category:Expert_Review]]
[[Category:Expert_Review]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_NickJ]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_NickJ]]