Changes

|sub-class          =

|sub-class          =

|order              =Strongylida

|order              =Strongylida

|super-family      =

|super-family      =[[Trichostrongyloidea]]

|family            =Dictyocaulidae

|family            =Dictyocaulidae

|sub-family        =

|sub-family        =

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

''Dictyocaulus viviparus'' is a bovine lungworm (a member of the '''Trichostrongyloidea''').  They are found in the trachea and larger bronchi and are responsible for parasitic bronchitis. There has been an increase in the incidence of husk in recent years; first season calves are particularly affected, although yearling and adult cattle may also succumb to the disease. Lungworm is responsible for reduced weight-gain and deaths in calves and yearlings and lowered milk-yield in dairy cows. A closely-related species is also responsible for one of the most important diseases of farmed deer. The parasite is of welfare importance if clinically affected animals are left untreated.

''Dictyocaulus viviparus'' is a bovine lungworm (a member of the '''[[Trichostrongyloidea]]''').  They are found in the trachea and larger bronchi and are responsible for parasitic bronchitis. There has been an increase in the incidence of husk in recent years; first season calves are particularly affected, although yearling and adult cattle may also succumb to the disease. Lungworm is responsible for reduced weight-gain and deaths in calves and yearlings and lowered milk-yield in dairy cows. A closely-related species is also responsible for one of the most important diseases of farmed deer. The parasite is of welfare importance if clinically affected animals are left untreated.

==Hosts==

==Hosts==