Changes

Also known as:  '''''Twisted stomach — LDA — RDA

Also known as:  '''''Twisted stomach — LDA — RDA

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Generally, this is much less dramatic than a [[Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus|displaced stomach in the dog]], and develops chronically, although abomasal volvulus is a comparable condition.

Generally, this is much less dramatic than a [[Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus|displaced stomach in the dog]], and develops chronically, although abomasal volvulus is a comparable condition.

The [[Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|abomasum]] is the fourth stomach of the cow and hangs loosely by the omentum. It can move from its normal position to left displacement where it becomes trapped under the rumen or a right displacement which may result in abomasal volvulus and torsion.  

The [[Abomasum - Anatomy & Physiology|abomasum]] is the fourth chamber of the cow stomach and hangs loosely by the omentum. It can move from its normal position to left displacement where it becomes trapped under the rumen or a right displacement which may result in abomasal volvulus and torsion.  

Rearrangement of abdominal viscera in pregnancy is thought to be an important aetiological factor, however reduced abomasal motility is thought to be the primary aetiological cause. Once the abomasum is displaced gas production by the organ continues causing distension and further displacement.

Rearrangement of abdominal viscera in pregnancy is thought to be an important aetiological factor, however reduced abomasal motility is thought to be the primary aetiological cause. Once the abomasum is displaced gas production by the organ continues causing distension and further displacement.

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

Following surgical correction of an uncomplicated displacement, short term success rates can reach 95%. Longer term survival is poorer, with 79% and 73% of animals surviving beyond 2 months for a blind toggle and a paramedian abomasopexy respectively in one study, although the difference between procedures was not significant<ref>Sterner, K.E., Grymer, J., Bartlett, P.C. & Miekstyn, M. (2008) Factors influencing the survival of dairy cows after correction of left displaced abomasum. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 232, 1521-1529</ref>. Abomasomal volvulus and the presence of an abomasal ulcer are associated with a much poorer prognosis. Additionally tachycardia, decreased temperature, black faeces and a long period of illness are all associated with poorer outcomes.

Following surgical correction of an uncomplicated displacement, short term success rates can reach 95%. Abomasomal volvulus and the presence of an abomasal ulcer are associated with a much poorer prognosis. Additionally tachycardia, decreased temperature, black faeces and a long period of illness are all associated with poorer outcomes.

Longer term survival after correction of Left Displaced Abomasums is poorer, with 79% and 73% of animals surviving beyond 2 months for a blind toggle and a paramedian abomasopexy respectively in one study, although the difference between procedures was not significant<ref>Sterner, K.E., Grymer, J., Bartlett, P.C. & Miekstyn, M. (2008) Factors influencing the survival of dairy cows after correction of left displaced abomasum. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 232, 1521-1529</ref>.  The most likely reasons for the slightly poorer long-term survival after LDAs are mastitis, lameness, poor production and infertility.

[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]

 

|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(displac*)+AND+title:(abomas*)+AND+title:(left))+OR+(title:(LDA)+AND+od:(cattle)) Left Displaced Abomasum publications]<br>[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?start=0&q=(title:(displac*)+AND+title:(abomas*)+AND+title:(right))+OR+(title:(RDA)+AND+od:(cattle)) Right Displaced Abomasum publications]

|full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2010/20103063335.pdf ''' Management of abomasal displacement.''' Wilson, D. G.; Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, Large Animal Veterinary Rounds, 2008, 8, 8, pp 1-6, 20 ref.]<br>[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2006/20063094825.pdf ''' Right paramedian abomasopexy as a surgical treatment for left abomasal displacement in dairy cows: a review of 115 cases.''' Podpecan, O.; Zemljič, B.; Veterinarska Fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Slovenian Veterinary Research, 2006, 43, Supplement 10, pp 201-204, 19 ref.]

[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(displac*)+AND+title:(abomas*)+AND+title:(left))+OR+(title:(LDA)+AND+od:(cattle)) Left Displaced Abomasum publications]

 

[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?start=0&q=(title:(displac*)+AND+title:(abomas*)+AND+title:(right))+OR+(title:(RDA)+AND+od:(cattle)) Right Displaced Abomasum publications]

 

[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2010/20103063335.pdf ''' Management of abomasal displacement.''' Wilson, D. G.; Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, Large Animal Veterinary Rounds, 2008, 8, 8, pp 1-6, 20 ref. - '''Full Text Article''']

 

[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2006/20063094825.pdf ''' Right paramedian abomasopexy as a surgical treatment for left abomasal displacement in dairy cows: a review of 115 cases.''' Podpecan, O.; Zemljič, B.; Veterinarska Fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Slovenian Veterinary Research, 2006, 43, Supplement 10, pp 201-204, 19 ref. - '''Full Text Article''']

==References==

==References==

Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) Bovine Medicine (Second edition), Blackwell Publishing  

Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) Bovine Medicine (Second edition), Blackwell Publishing  

<references/>Turck, G. & Leonhard-Marek (2010) Potassium and insulin affect the contractility of abomasal smooth muscle. Journal of Dairy Science. 93, 3561-3568<references>

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<references/>Sterner, K.E., Grymer, J., Bartlett, P.C. & Miekstyn, M. (2008) Factors influencing the survival of dairy cows after correction of left displaced abomasum. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 232, 1521-1529<references>

{{review}}

{{review}}

[[Category:Stomach_and_Abomasum_-_Pathology]][[Category:Gastric Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Stomach_and_Abomasum_-_Pathology]][[Category:Gastric Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Brian Aldridge reviewing]]

[[Category:Brian Aldridge reviewing]]