Changes

|q1= What clinical conditions may exist?

|q1= What clinical conditions may exist?

|a1=Acute and chronic endometritis, pneumovagina, urine pooling and an incompetent cervix.

|a1=Acute and chronic endometritis, pneumovagina, urine pooling and an incompetent cervix.

|l1=

|l1= Pneumovagina - Horses#Clinical Signs

|q2= What physical changes might be detected on clinical examination which indicate a possible cause of the infertility?

|q2= What physical changes might be detected on clinical examination which indicate a possible cause of the infertility?

|a2=

|a2=

(5) palpation and speculum examination to determine the location of the urethral opening and of

(5) palpation and speculum examination to determine the location of the urethral opening and of

downward displacement of the cervix and anterior vagina anterior to the pelvic brim.

downward displacement of the cervix and anterior vagina anterior to the pelvic brim.

|l2=

|l2= Pneumovagina - Horses#Diagnosis

|q3= Do you regard this mare’s vulva conformation to be a contributing factor to her infertility?

|q3= Do you regard this mare’s vulva conformation to be a contributing factor to her infertility?

|a3= Yes.

|a3= Yes.

|l3=

|l3= Pneumovagina - Horses#Introduction

|q4= What importance is attached to the level of the pelvic brim in relation to the vulva?

|q4= What importance is attached to the level of the pelvic brim in relation to the vulva?

|a4=The high level of the pelvic brim in relation to the vulva maintains an almost vertical vulva. A low pelvic brim may cause the vulva to tend to a horizontal position.

|a4=The high level of the pelvic brim in relation to the vulva maintains an almost vertical vulva. A low pelvic brim may cause the vulva to tend to a horizontal position.

|l4=

|l4= Pneumovagina - Horses#Signalment

</FlashCard>

</FlashCard>