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| '''A 4-month-old foal sustained a wound to its right stifle one week ago. Over the last 48 hours the foal has developed a stilted gait and seemed unwilling to feed from the ground as usual. It has a high tail carriage and, when menaced, the response shown is initiated:''' | | '''A 4-month-old foal sustained a wound to its right stifle one week ago. Over the last 48 hours the foal has developed a stilted gait and seemed unwilling to feed from the ground as usual. It has a high tail carriage and, when menaced, the response shown is initiated:''' |
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| <FlashCard questions="4"> | | <FlashCard questions="4"> |
| |q1= What is your clinical diagnosis and what prognosis would you give the foal? | | |q1= What is your clinical diagnosis and what prognosis would you give the foal? |
| |a1= Tetanus. With a slow onset of clinical signs, appropriate aggressive therapy and no rapid deterioration, the foal has about a 50% chance of survival. | | |a1= Tetanus. With a slow onset of clinical signs, appropriate aggressive therapy and no rapid deterioration, the foal has about a 50% chance of survival. |
− | |l1= | + | |l1= Tetanus - Horse |
| |q2= What factors may have led to the foal being susceptible to this disease? | | |q2= What factors may have led to the foal being susceptible to this disease? |
| |a2= (1) Inadequate vaccination of dam with failure to give a tetanus toxoid ‘booster’ 1–3 months prior to parturition. | | |a2= (1) Inadequate vaccination of dam with failure to give a tetanus toxoid ‘booster’ 1–3 months prior to parturition. |
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| (4) Waning of passively derived tetanus antibodies prior to initial vaccination. | | (4) Waning of passively derived tetanus antibodies prior to initial vaccination. |
− | |l2= | + | |l2= Tetanus - Horse |
| |q3= What treatment should you institute? | | |q3= What treatment should you institute? |
| |a3= (1) Penicillin therapy; initially sodium benzyl penicillin IV four times over the first day of treatment followed by procaine penicillin IM twice daily. | | |a3= (1) Penicillin therapy; initially sodium benzyl penicillin IV four times over the first day of treatment followed by procaine penicillin IM twice daily. |
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| (5) IV fluid therapy and nutritional. | | (5) IV fluid therapy and nutritional. |
| (6) Recognition of when prognosis becomes hopeless to allow speedy euthanasia. | | (6) Recognition of when prognosis becomes hopeless to allow speedy euthanasia. |
− | |l3= | + | |l3= Tetanus - Horse |
| |q4= What would you recommend as routine stud farm management for the prevention of this disease? | | |q4= What would you recommend as routine stud farm management for the prevention of this disease? |
| |a4= Ensure mares are fully vaccinated and receive annual boosters 1–3 months prior to foaling. If in doubt, administer tetanus antitoxin to the foal at birth and repeat 4 weeks later. Administer tetanus toxoid at 3–4 months of age, again 4 weeks later and repeat annually. | | |a4= Ensure mares are fully vaccinated and receive annual boosters 1–3 months prior to foaling. If in doubt, administer tetanus antitoxin to the foal at birth and repeat 4 weeks later. Administer tetanus toxoid at 3–4 months of age, again 4 weeks later and repeat annually. |
− | |l4= | + | |l4= Tetanus - Horse |
| </FlashCard> | | </FlashCard> |
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