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==Introduction==

Viral diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of equidae causing encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Most commonly involves [[Equine Togaviral Encephalitis]].

 

==Description==

Viral diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of equidae causing encephalitis or meningoencephalitis.

==Aetiology==

==Aetiology==

*Cache Valley Virus

*Cache Valley Virus

Family Bunyaviridae, Genus ''Orthobunyavirus''

Family Bunyaviridae, Genus ''Orthobunyavirus''

*California Encephalitis viruses

*California Encephalitis viruses <ref>Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>

**Snowshoe Hare Virus

**Snowshoe Hare Virus

**Jamestown Canyon Virus

**Jamestown Canyon Virus

*Main Drain Virus

*Main Drain Virus

Family [[:Category:Flaviviridae|Flaviviridae]], Genus [[:Category:Flaviviruses|''Flavivirus'']]

Family [[:Category:Flaviviridae|Flaviviridae]], Genus [[:Category:Flaviviruses|''Flavivirus'']]

*Japanese Encephalitis Virus

*[[Japanese Encephalitis Virus]]

*Kunjin Virus

*Kunjin Virus

*[[Louping Ill|Louping Ill Virus]]

*[[Louping Ill|Louping Ill Virus]]

*Aura Virus

*Aura Virus

*Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEV) **

*Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEV) **

*Equine Togaviral Encephalitis|Western EEV **

*Western EEV **

*Equine Togaviral Encephalitis|Venezuelan EEV **

*Venezuelan EEV **

*Highlands J Virus

*Highlands J Virus

*Getah Virus

*Getah Virus

Other viruses implicated in equine encephalitis:

Other viruses implicated in equine encephalitis:

*Maguari Virus

*Maguari Virus<ref>Calisher, C.H, Monath, T.P, Sabattini, M.S, Mitchell, C.J, Lazuick, J.S, Tesh, R.B, Cropp, C.B (1987) A newly recognised vesiculovirus, Calchaqui virus, and subtypes of Melao and Maguari viruses from Argentina, with serologic evidence for infections of humans and horses, ''Am J Trop Med Hyg'', 36:114-119.  In: Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>

==Legislation==

==Legislation==

Diseases caused by some of the viruses listed above (**) are subject to The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987.  "''The Order, which revoked and replaced earlier legislation, makes these diseases compulsorily notifiable: it gives an inspector powers to declare an infected place where disease is suspected; to carry out a veterinary inquiry, prohibits the movement of horses carcases and other things onto or off the premises and requires cleansing and disinfection''".  Council Directive 90/426 describes all cases of equine encephalomyelitis (regardless of cause) as compulsorily notifiable to the EU.

Diseases caused by some of the viruses listed above (**) are subject to The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987.  "''The Order, which revoked and replaced earlier legislation, makes these diseases compulsorily notifiable: it gives an inspector powers to declare an infected place where disease is suspected; to carry out a veterinary inquiry, prohibits the movement of horses carcases and other things onto or off the premises and requires cleansing and disinfection''".  Council Directive 90/426 describes all cases of equine encephalomyelitis (regardless of cause) as compulsorily notifiable to the EU.<ref>http://www.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/farmanimal/diseases/atoz/viralenceph/index.htm</ref>

 

==References==

==References==

 

 

 

[[Category:Horse]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Nina]]

[[Category:Neurological Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]