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Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 15:24, 4 September 2008
, 15:24, 4 September 2008→The Role of the Kidney's in Acid Base
It is essential that 50-100meq of acid is excreted by the kidneys every day. This is achieved by secretion of H<sup>+</sup> in two regions of the nephron, the proximal tubule and the collecting ducts, and is essential for maintaining the acid base ratio, within the body, at the correct levels. If there is a net gain or loss of H<sup>+</sup> within the body then the kidneys will compensate for it. The H<sup>+</sup> ions cannot be secreted as free ions, however virtually all filtered HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> must be reabsorbed. The result is that the H<sup>+</sup> ions bind to other filtered buffers which are not fully reabsorbed such as ammonia or phosphate. Extracellular pH is th main physiological regulator affecting how much acid is secreted. In pathological states circulating volume, aldosterone and plasma potassium affect it.
It is essential that 50-100meq of acid is excreted by the kidneys every day. This is achieved by secretion of H<sup>+</sup> in two regions of the nephron, the proximal tubule and the collecting ducts, and is essential for maintaining the acid base ratio, within the body, at the correct levels. If there is a net gain or loss of H<sup>+</sup> within the body then the kidneys will compensate for it. The H<sup>+</sup> ions cannot be secreted as free ions, however virtually all filtered HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> must be reabsorbed. The result is that the H<sup>+</sup> ions bind to other filtered buffers which are not fully reabsorbed such as ammonia or phosphate. Extracellular pH is th main physiological regulator affecting how much acid is secreted. In pathological states circulating volume, aldosterone and plasma potassium affect it.
===The Role of the Kidney's in Acid Base===
===The Role of the Kidneys in Acid Base===
[[Image:buffereg1ap.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<small><center>The HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>Buffer System</center></small>]]
[[Image:buffereg1ap.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<small><center>The HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>Buffer System</center></small>]]
[[Image:ammoniumproxitubap.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<small><center>The Role of Ammonium in the Proximal Tubule</center></small>]]
[[Image:ammoniumproxitubap.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<small><center>The Role of Ammonium in the Proximal Tubule</center></small>]]