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Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Renal Flash Cards - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 17:21, 21 June 2011
, 17:21, 21 June 2011Text replace - "Category:Urinary System Flashcards" to "Category:Urinary System Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards"
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'''Use the mouse to highlight the answers. They are written in white'''
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#6600FF" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="2" WIDTH="80%">
<TR>
<TD>'''Question'''</TD>
<TD>'''Answer'''</TD>
<TD>'''Link'''</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>What the effects of varying sodium concentration within the body?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
*Too low
**Water and ECF volumes fall
**Sodium dependant transporters are disturbed
*Too High
**Water and ECF volume increases
**Sodium dependant transporters are disturbed </font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Sodium|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Why is sodium not regulated on the basis of plasma concentration?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
*Water follows sodium. Therefore volume notconcentration alter
*The hormonal controllers affect sodium concentration and ECF concentration
*ADH and the thirst response dilute any increase in sodium by increasing ECF volume</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Regulation|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>What is "salt hunger"?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
It's where an animal with low body salt concentrations actually craves salt</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Salt Hunger|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>What are the three major sources of potassium?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
* Diffusion from the small intestine
* Active transport from the colon
* Recovered from cellular breakdown</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Sources|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>By which three methods is potassium homeostasis managed? Which of these make up the chronic and which the acute response</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
*Cellular translocation - Acute
*Renal excretion - 90% of chronic
*GI excretion - 10% of chronic</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Methods of Control|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Which two things control the acute response and how do they do it?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
*Insulin
*Activation of beta2 adrenoreceptors
*Work by increasing the activity of Na+ / K+ ATPases causing sodium efflux and potassium influx</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Which hormone is the main regulator of potassium??</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
Aldosterone</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Potassium and Aldosterone|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>In which two regions of the nephron is H<sup>+</sup> secreted?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
*Proximal tubule
*Collecting duct</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Acid / Base|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>What role do buffers play with regard to excreting hydrogen ions?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
Once all bicarbonate has been reabsorbed they combine with residual excess hydrogen allowing it to be excreted without the loss of bicarbonate and without making the urine very acidic.</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Buffers of H+ in Urine|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>In ruminants fed low nitrogen diets more urea is reabsorbed. Why?</TD>
<TD><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">
It is transported to the rumen and converted to microbial protein</font></TD>
<TD>[[Essential Ion and Compound Balance and Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology#Urea and Foregut Fermenters|Link]]</TD>
</TR>
</table>
[[Category:Nephron]][[Category:Urinary System Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]