Changes

===Laboratory Tests===

===Laboratory Tests===

*'''Blood:'''Metabolic Acidosis, increased serum osmolality, increased anion gap, decreased plasma bicarbonate concentration, decreased PCO2, decreased, blood pH, ethylene glycol (in-house colorimetric kit) <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Canine and Feline Emergency Care''', Second Edition (2007), Chapter 19, p286-7 </ref>, although concurrent use of drugs such as diazepam and etomidate both of which contain propylene glycol can confound results <ref name="multiples"> '''Testbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', (Seventh Edition), ''Ettinger and Feldman''; p1975 <ref/>. Hyperphosphataemia can be present in later stages due to acute renal failure <ref name="multiples"> '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', (Seventh Edition), ''Ettinger and Feldman''; p1747 </ref>, and hypocalcaemia as a consequence of this<ref name="multiples"> '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', (Seventh Edition), ''Ettinger and Feldman''; p1747 </ref> and also as a consequence of ionised calcium binding to ethylene glycol metabolites.

*'''Blood:''' ''Metabolic Acidosis'', increased anion gap (as metabolic acidosis is due to increased organic acids rather than loss of bicarbonate <ref name="multiples"> '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', ''Ettinger and Feldman'' Seventh Edition p470 </ref> ), decreased plasma bicarbonate concentration, decreased PCO2, decreased blood pH, ethylene glycol (in-house colorimetric kit) <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Canine and Feline Emergency Care''', Second Edition (2007), Chapter 19, p286-7 </ref>, although concurrent use of drugs such as diazepam and etomidate both of which contain propylene glycol can confound results <ref name="multiples"> '''Testbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', (Seventh Edition), ''Ettinger and Feldman''; p1975 <ref/>. Hyperphosphataemia can be present in later stages due to acute renal failure <ref name="multiples"> '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', (Seventh Edition), ''Ettinger and Feldman''; p1747 </ref>, and hypocalcaemia as a consequence of this<ref name="multiples"> '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine''', (Seventh Edition), ''Ettinger and Feldman''; p1747 </ref> and also as a consequence of ionised calcium binding to ethylene glycol metabolites.

*'''Urine:'''increased urea and creatinine, hyperkalaemia, calcium oxalate crystalluria <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Canine and Feline Emergency Care''', Second Edition 2007, Chapter 19, p286-7 </ref>, ethylene glycol (in-house colorimteric kit)<ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Canine and Feline Emergency Care''', Second Edition 2007, Chapter 19, p286-7 </ref>.

*'''Urine:'''increased urea and creatinine, hyperkalaemia, calcium oxalate crystalluria <ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Canine and Feline Emergency Care''', Second Edition 2007, Chapter 19, p286-7 </ref>, ethylene glycol (in-house colorimteric kit)<ref name="multiples"> '''BSAVA Canine and Feline Emergency Care''', Second Edition 2007, Chapter 19, p286-7 </ref>.