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Primary pancreatic tumours are rare (accounting for less than 0.5% of all cancers in the dog), however the pancreas is also a site for metastasis from particularly gastro-intestinal neoplasms. Primary tumours include:

Primary pancreatic tumours are rare (accounting for less than 0.5% of all cancers in the dog), however the pancreas is also a site for metastasis from particularly gastro-intestinal neoplasms. Primary tumours include:

* [[Carcinoma#Pancreatic|Carcinomas]]

* [[Carcinoma#Pancreatic|Carcinomas]]

* [[Adenoma#Pancreatic|Adenomas]]

* [[Adenoma#Pancreatic|Adenomas]]

It is important to make the distinction between pancreatic neoplasia and [[Pancreas - Nodular Hyperplasia|pancreatic nodular hyperplasia]] which frequently occurs in older dogs and cats and is non-significant.

It is important to make the distinction between pancreatic neoplasia and [[Pancreatic Nodular Hyperplasia|pancreatic nodular hyperplasia]] which frequently occurs in older dogs and cats and is non-significant.

 

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

<gallery>

<gallery>

Image:Cocker_spaniel.jpg‎|'''English Cocker Spaniel'''<p>WikiCommons

Image:Cocker_spaniel.jpg‎|'''English Cocker Spaniel'''<p> Ellen Levy Finch (2004) WikiMedia Commons

Image:Airedale_Terrier.jpg|'''Airedale Terrier'''<p>WikiCommons

Image:Airedale_Terrier.jpg|'''Airedale Terrier'''<p> Pleple2000 (2006) WikiMedia Commons

</gallery>

</gallery>

* Affected cats have a mean age of 12 years

* Affected cats have a mean age of 12 years

==Description==  

==Description==  

Aetiology is idiopathic. [[Adenoma#Pancreatic|Adenomas]], although they do not metastasise and are frequently small and focal, can compress the surrounding pancreas. [[Carcinoma#Pancreatic|Carcinomas]] are aggressive with local invasion of the stomach or duodenum and metastasis to the liver, regional lymph nodes (hepatic and splenic), lungs, periotoneal surface and other abdominal organs usually occurring prior to a diagnosis being reached. Other complications include blockage of the common bile duct and [[Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency|exocrine pancreatic insufficiency]]. [[Pancreatitis - WikiClinical|Pancreatitis]] can also occur where pancreatic atrophy results in tumour necrosis and an inflammatory response.

Aetiology is idiopathic. [[Adenoma#Pancreatic|Adenomas]], although they do not metastasise and are frequently small and focal, can compress the surrounding pancreas. [[Carcinoma#Pancreatic|Carcinomas]] are aggressive with local invasion of the stomach or duodenum and metastasis to the liver, regional lymph nodes (hepatic and splenic), lungs, periotoneal surface and other abdominal organs usually occurring prior to a diagnosis being reached. Other complications include blockage of the common bile duct and [[Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency|exocrine pancreatic insufficiency]]. [[Pancreatitis|Pancreatitis]] can also occur where pancreatic atrophy results in tumour necrosis and an inflammatory response.

* Jaundice - if biliary obstruction

* Jaundice - if biliary obstruction

* Alopecia - as a paraneoplastic syndrome, occurring ventrally, facially and on the limbs in cats with adenocarcinoma

* Alopecia - as a paraneoplastic syndrome, occurring ventrally, facially and on the limbs in cats with adenocarcinoma

Such signs may also occur with concurrent [[Pancreatitis - WikiClinical|pancreatitis]]. Alternatively clinical signs may reflect those of metastatic disease.

Such signs may also occur with concurrent [[Pancreatitis|pancreatitis]]. Alternatively clinical signs may reflect those of metastatic disease.

===Physical Examination===

===Physical Examination===

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

Poor for adenocarcinomas on account of their invasiveness and early metastasis. Survival time is less than 1 year for such tumours regardless of treatment.

Poor for adenocarcinomas on account of their invasiveness and early metastasis. Survival time is less than 1 year for such tumours regardless of treatment.

==References==

==References==

* Morris J, Dobson J (2001) Gastrointestinal Tract, in Small Animal Oncology, Blackwell Science, pp 140-142  

* Morris J, Dobson J (2001) Gastrointestinal Tract, in Small Animal Oncology, Blackwell Science, pp 140-142  

* Liptak J. M, Withrow S.J, (2007), Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract, in Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, fourth edition, Eds Withrow S.J, Vail D.M, Missouri, Saunders Elsevier, pp 479-480

* Liptak J. M, Withrow S.J, (2007), Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract, in Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, fourth edition, Eds Withrow S.J, Vail D.M, Missouri, Saunders Elsevier, pp 479-480

[[Category:Pancreas_-_Hyperplastic_and_Neoplastic_Pathology]]

[[Category:Pancreas_-_Hyperplastic_and_Neoplastic_Pathology]][[Category:Pancreatic Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Pancreatic Diseases - Cat]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]