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→Special Considerations for Deciduous Tooth Extraction
Indications for extraction of deciduous teeth may be due to malocclusion in puppies or because of persistent deciduous teeth. In a puppy less than 16 weeks of age, the permanent crown is only just developing and calcifying and immense damage can be done to this developing tooth if the luxator/elevator is positioned too far down the root or in the incorrect place. The length of the root of the deciduous tooth is usually about 2-3 times the length of the crown so a surgical extraction technique is used if the root is not resorbing.
Indications for extraction of deciduous teeth may be due to malocclusion in puppies or because of persistent deciduous teeth. In a puppy less than 16 weeks of age, the permanent crown is only just developing and calcifying and immense damage can be done to this developing tooth if the luxator/elevator is positioned too far down the root or in the incorrect place. The length of the root of the deciduous tooth is usually about 2-3 times the length of the crown so a surgical extraction technique is used if the root is not resorbing.
A dental radiograph should be taken to assess where the permanent tooth bud is positioned or in the case of persistent deciduous teeth, whether the root is being resorbed or not. With resorption, there is loss of the density of the dentine and periapical resorption. In the cases where the root is being resorbed, a simple, nonsurgical extraction technique as detailed above can be used.
A dental radiograph should be taken to assess where the permanent tooth bud is positioned or in the case of persistent deciduous teeth, whether the root is being resorbed or not. With resorption, there is loss of the density of the dentine and periapical resorption. In the cases where the root is being resorbed, a simple, non-surgical extraction technique as detailed above can be used.
#In young puppies or persistent deciduous teeth where the root is not being resorbed, raise a small mucoperiosteal flap –use a no.11 scalpel blade to make the releasing incisions then a periosteal elevator to raise the flap
#In young puppies or persistent deciduous teeth where the root is not being resorbed, raise a small mucoperiosteal flap – a no.11 scalpel blade can be used to make the releasing incisions then a periosteal elevator to raise the flap.
#Use a small round bur to remove buccal bone. Care must be taken not to damage the root of the permanent or adjacent teeth
#Use a small round bur to remove buccal bone. Care must be taken not to damage the root of the permanent or adjacent teeth
#Use a small elevator (eg.superslim which is 1.3mm width) to gently luxate the tooth taking care not to position the elevator in a position where the permanent tooth could be damaged. If extracting the mandibular deciduous canines, no instrument should be placed on the lingual (inner) aspect of the tooth as this will damage the permanent developing mandibular canine (lower arrow) and probably also the 3rd incisor (top arrow). If extracting maxillary deciduous canines take care placing any instrument on the mesial (front edge) aspect as the permanent tooth bud develops in front of the deciduous.
#Use a small elevator (eg.superslim which is 1.3mm width) to gently luxate the tooth taking care not to position the elevator in a position where the permanent tooth could be damaged. If extracting the mandibular deciduous canines, no instrument should be placed on the lingual (inner) aspect of the tooth as this will damage the permanent developing mandibular canine (lower arrow) and probably also the 3rd incisor (top arrow). If extracting maxillary deciduous canines take care placing any instrument on the mesial (front edge) aspect as the permanent tooth bud develops in front of the deciduous tooth.
#Gently rotate and luxate the deciduous tooth. Once there is some mobility, use extraction forceps with a small beak (pattern 76N) in a rotational manner to break down any remaining fibres prior to the tooth being lifted out of the socket.
#Gently rotate and luxate the deciduous tooth. Once there is some mobility, use extraction forceps with a small beak (pattern 76N) in a rotational manner to break down any remaining fibres prior to the tooth being lifted out of the socket.
#Suture the flap closed using a Fine (1 metric) monofilament absorbable suture material with simple interrupted sutures ensuring that there is no tension on the sutures
#Suture the flap closed using a Fine (1 metric) monofilament absorbable suture material with simple interrupted sutures ensuring that there is no tension on the sutures.
==Special Considerations for Feline Dentistry==
==Special Considerations for Feline Dentistry==