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Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 19:33, 27 October 2022
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==Common structures of the Proximal Forelimb and Shoulder==
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==Common Structures of the Proximal Forelimb and Shoulder==
===Scapula===
===Scapula===
===Metacarpal Joint===
===Metacarpal Joint===
The metacarpal joint is defined by the presence of palmar [[Bones - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Bone|'''sesamoids''']], which allow the flexor tendons to pass over the sharp change in angle presented by the joint. They are paired on each digit, with the exception of the first digit where only one exists. A single '''dorsal sesamoid bone''' can also be seen in dogs in digit 2 - 5 inclusive over the same joint between the metacarpal bone and the proximal phalanx. This is not found in ungulates or in the the first digit. However another sesamoid bone exists in the tendon of the abductor pollis longis muscle of the first digit.
The metacarpal joint is defined by the presence of palmar [[Bones - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Bone|'''sesamoids''']], which allow the flexor tendons to pass over the sharp change in angle presented by the joint. They are paired on each digit, with the exception of the first digit where only one exists. A single '''dorsal sesamoid bone''' can also be seen in dogs in digit 2 - 5 inclusive over the same joint between the metacarpal bone and the proximal phalanx. This is not found in ungulates or in the the first digit. However another sesamoid bone exists in the tendon of the abductor pollicis longus muscle of the first digit.
==Muscles of the Forelimb==
==Muscles of the Forelimb==
'''''Pectoral mm.''''':
'''''Pectoral mm.''''':
:Innervated by: brachial plexus
:Innervated by: brachial plexus
::superficial pectoral m. - ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves 7 and 8 (Evans and de Lahunta's Guide to the Dissection of the Dog, 8th ed.)
::deep pectoral m. - caudal pectoral nerves, cervical spinal nerve 8, and thoracic nerve 1 (Evans and de Lahunta's Guide to the Dissection of the Dog, 8th ed.)
:Two superficial parts, cranial and caudal
:Two superficial parts, cranial and caudal
==Species Specifics==
==Species Specifics==
===[[Canine Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology|Canine Forelimb]]===
===[[Canine Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology|Canine Forelimb]]===
===[[Bovine Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology|Bovine Forelimb]]===
===[[Bovine Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology|Bovine Forelimb]]===
{{Template:Learning
|OVAM = [http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/muscle-flashcards-forelimb-extrinsics-quicktime Muscle flashcards - extrinsic musculature of the canine forelimb]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/muscle-flashcards-shoulder-quicktime Muscle flashcards - muscles of the canine shoulder]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/muscle-flashcards-elbow-quicktime Muscle flashcards - muscles of the canine elbow]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/muscle-flashcards-antebrachium-quicktime Muscle flashcards - muscles of canine antebrachium]
}}
==Webinars==
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[[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:A&P Done]]
[[Category:A&P Done]]