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''F.necrophorum'' is a pathogenic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacteria; it is a normal inhabitant of the mammalian gut and cannot invade normal tissue.  

 

 

''F.necrophorum'' is a [[Pathogenic anaerobic non-spore-forming Gram-negative species - Overview|pathogenic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacteria]]. It is a normal inhabitant of the mammalian gut and cannot invade normal tissue.  

==Characteristics==

==Characteristics==

Antibody levels to ''F.necrophorum'' rise with age, suggesting that these are not protective.

Antibody levels to ''F.necrophorum'' rise with age, suggesting that these are not protective.

''F.necrophorum'' is associated with bucket feeding, where buckets are contaminated with faeces. Bacteria enter through abrasions in the mucosa of the pharynx and larynx and cause fever, depression, anorexia, salivation, respiratory distress and halitosis. Aspiration of necrotic material into lungs may cause fatal [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of neumonia|bronchopneumonia]].

''F.necrophorum'' is associated with bucket feeding, where buckets are contaminated with faeces. Bacteria enter through abrasions in the mucosa of the pharynx and larynx and cause fever, depression, anorexia, salivation, respiratory distress and halitosis. Aspiration of necrotic material into lungs may cause fatal [[Pneumonia Overview#Infectious causes of pneumonia|bronchopneumonia]].

''F.necrophorum'' causes a number of necrotic wound infections often in association with facultative anaerobes.  

''F.necrophorum'' causes a number of necrotic wound infections often in association with facultative anaerobes.  

It causes;  

It causes;  

'''Cows'''

'''Cows''': [[Calf Diphtheria|calf diphtheria]] or necrotic laryngitis in cattle and necrobacillosis of the mouth and pharynx of young calves. Also, bovine liver abscesses and localised necrosis and scab formation of the teat orifice and sphincter of dairy cows.  

[[Calf Diphtheria|Calf diphtheria]] or necrotic laryngitis [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#In Cattle|in cattle]] and necrobacillosis of the mouth and pharynx of young calves. Also, [[Bovine liver abscesses]] and localised necrosis and scab formation of the teat orifice and sphincter of dairy cows.  

'''Pigs'''

'''Pigs''': [[necrotic rhinitis]] in pigs.

[[Necrotic rhinitis]] in pigs.

'''Sheep'''

'''Sheep''': interdigital dermatitis, ([[Bacterial Pododermatitis|pododermatitis]]) in sheep in association with ''D. nodosus'' and [[Arcanobacter pyogenes|''Arcanobacter pyogenes'']], predisposing to [[Contagious Footrot|footrot]]. It also causes [[Laryngeal Chondritis|laryngeal chondritis]] in sheep and mixed infections in heel abscesses.

Interdigital dermatitis ([[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Bacterial pododermatitis|pododermatitis]]) in sheep in association with ''D. nodosus'' and [[Arcanobacter pyogenes|''Arcanobacter pyogenes'']], predisposing to footrot. It also causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Laryngeal chondritis|laryngeal chondritis]] in sheep and mixed infections in heel abscesses.

''F.necrophorum'' is also involved in; [[Thrush - Hoof|Hoof thrush]]; Mixed infections in [[Pleural Cavity & Membranes Inflammatory - Pathology#Pyothorax (Thoracic empyema)|pyothorax]]; Mixed infections in aspiration pneumonia and in bovine traumatic reticuloperitonitis and pericarditis; [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Subcutaneous abscesses|subcutaneous abscesses]] due to cat bites; [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Chronic rhinitis|chronic fibronecrotic rhinitis]]; [[Bones Inflammatory - Pathology#Osteitis|Osteitis]]; [[Contagious Footrot]]; [[Necrobacillosis]] and [[Laryngeal Chondritis]]

''F.necrophorum'' is also involved in; [[Thrush - Hoof|hoof thrush]]; Mixed infections in [[Pyothorax|pyothorax]]; mixed infections in aspiration pneumonia and in bovine traumatic reticuloperitonitis and pericarditis; [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Subcutaneous abscesses|subcutaneous abscesses]] due to cat bites; [[Rhinitis#Chronic rhinitis|chronic fibronecrotic rhinitis]]; [[Osteitis|osteitis]]; [[Contagious Footrot|contagious footrot]]; [[Necrobacillosis|necrobacillosis]] and [[Laryngeal Chondritis|laryngeal chondritis]].

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

Treatment against ''F.necrophorum'' includes potentiated sulphonamides or tetracyclines.  

Treatment against ''F.necrophorum'' includes potentiated sulphonamides or tetracyclines.  

[[Category:Pathogenic anaerobic non-spore-forming Gram-negative ]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]

 

 

[[Category:Gram Negative Anaerobic Bacteria]]

 

[[Category:Expert_Review]]