Changes

== Introduciton ==  

Gingival hyperplasia often appears as pink, hyperaemic and ulcerated lesions that can be either firm or soft. There can be varying amounts of pigmentation reflecting the normal pigmentation of the oral mucosa. [[Enamel Organ#Crown|Crowns]] of teeth are often partially or completely covered by the hyperplastic gingiva forming a potential space or pocket between the [[gingiva]] and the [[Enamel Organ#Crown|crown]] where plaque is able to accumulate.

== Introduction ==  

Gingival hyperplasia often appears as pink, hyperaemic and ulcerated lesions that can be either firm or soft. There can be varying amounts of pigmentation reflecting the normal pigmentation of the oral mucosa. [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Crown|Crowns]] of teeth are often partially or completely covered by the hyperplastic gingiva forming a potential space or pocket between the [[gingiva]] and the [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Crown|crown]] where plaque is able to accumulate.

Gingival hyperplasia can be described as focal lesions, multiple focal lesions or generalised lesions; or a combination of all of these.

Gingival hyperplasia can be described as focal lesions, multiple focal lesions or generalised lesions; or a combination of all of these.

The suspected cause of the condition should be corrected first. This may include a multimodal treatment plan aimed at controlling plaque formation including teeth brushing and providing the animal with sticks/toys that clean the teeth crowns.

The suspected cause of the condition should be corrected first. This may include a multimodal treatment plan aimed at controlling plaque formation including teeth brushing and providing the animal with sticks/toys that clean the teeth crowns.

'''Gingivectomy and gingivoplasty''' should be carried out under general anaesthetic if significant pseudo-pockets are present between the gingiva and teeth crowns. The aim should be to eliminate the pseudopockets and re-establish the normal anatomy of the gingival margin.

'''[[Periodontal Surgery - Small Animal#Gingivoplasty|Gingivectomy and gingivoplasty]]''' should be carried out under general anaesthetic if significant pseudo-pockets are present between the gingiva and teeth crowns. The aim should be to eliminate the pseudopockets and re-establish the normal anatomy of the gingival margin.

Electrosurgery and laser surgery can be performed. Care must be taken with electrosurgery to avoid contact between the teeth crowns and the electrodes to prevent irreversible heat damage to the pulp.

Electrosurgery and laser surgery can be performed. Care must be taken with electrosurgery to avoid contact between the teeth crowns and the electrodes to prevent irreversible heat damage to the pulp.

== Prognosis ==

== Prognosis ==

The prognosis following surgical excision and histopathology is good. However, local recurrence is possible but less common if a treatment plan aimed at reducing plaque formation is implemented. A re-examination of the patient should be carried out at least every 6 months to assess for signs of recurrence and the sufficiency of plaque control measures.

The prognosis following surgical excision and histopathology is good. However, local recurrence is possible but less common if a treatment plan aimed at reducing plaque formation is implemented. A re-examination of the patient should be carried out at least every 6 months to assess for signs of recurrence and the sufficiency of plaque control measures.

==References==

==References==

{{review}}

 

{{Lisa Milella reviewed

|date = 13 August 2014}}

 

 

 

 

[[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Teeth_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]

[[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Teeth_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Periodontal Conditions]]

[[Category:Waltham reviewed]]