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==Description==

==Introduction==

Acute or chronic inflammation of the tongue usually secondary to an infectious, physical, chemical or metabolic cause.

Acute or chronic inflammation of the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] usually secondary to an infectious, physical, chemical or metabolic cause.

Infectious causes include [[Feline Calicivirus|calicivirus]], [[Feline Herpesvirus 1|feline herpesvirus]], panleukopanenia, [[Fungi|fungal]], necrotising stomatitis and [[:Category:Leptospiraceae|leptospirosis]]. Physical causes may be irritation from [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]], foreign bodies and trauma. Metabolic causes such as [[Kidney Renal Failure - Pathology#Uraemia|uraemia]], vitamin deficiencies and hypoparathyoidism can also be responsible.  

Infectious causes include [[Feline Calicivirus|calicivirus]], [[Feline Herpesvirus 1|feline herpesvirus]], panleukopanenia, [[Fungi|fungal]], necrotising [[stomatitis]] and [[Leptospirosis - Cats and Dogs|leptospirosis]]. Physical causes may be irritation from [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]], foreign bodies and trauma. Metabolic causes such as [[Uraemia|uraemia]], vitamin deficiencies and hypoparathyoidism can also be responsible.  

Additionally heavy metal poisoning and other chemicals can cause glossitis.

Additionally heavy metal poisoning and other chemicals can cause glossitis.

===Clinical Signs===

===Clinical Signs===

Include drooling, bleeding, dysphagia, a reddened, swollen and ulcerated tongue edge in the case of [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]].  

Include drooling, bleeding, dysphagia, a reddened, swollen and ulcerated tongue edge in the case of periodontal disease.  

A foreign body may be visualised under the tongue (they may become embedded so that they cannot be palpated).

A foreign body may be visualised under the tongue (they may become embedded so that they cannot be palpated) or an acute swelling in the case of insect stings.

*acute swelling in the case of insect stings  

 

*in chronic ulcerative glossitis there may be a thick, malodourous brown discharge.  

In chronic ulcerative glossitis there may be a thick, malodourous brown discharge present.

 

===Definitive Diagnosis===

===Definitive Diagnosis===

Careful examination of the entire mouth which the animal may resisit.

Careful examination of the entire mouth which the animal may resist.

 

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

Involves treating the primary cause. Removal of any foreign objects or diseased teeth. Systemic antibiotics for bacterial causes. Debridement, 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes, lingual curettage (in the case of a deep foreign body) may also be used to treat glossitis. Nutritional support should be offered if required.

Involves treating the primary cause. Removal of any foreign objects or diseased teeth. Systemic antibiotics for bacterial causes. Debridement, 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes, lingual curettage (in the case of a deep foreign body) may also be used to treat glossitis. Nutritional support should be offered if required.

==References==

==References==

Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual'''

Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual'''

[[Category:Tongue_-_Pathology]][[Category:Dog]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]

 

 

 

 

[[Category:Tongue_-_Pathology]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]]

[[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]

[[Category:LisaM reviewing]]