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Acute forms of this disease can cause septicaemia and death within 48hrs. Chronic cases have more progressive clinical symptoms but will usually culminate in death after 3-4 weeks. During this 3-4 week period any young may become congenitally or neonatally affected. Diagnosis is via culture of ''Yersinia pseudotuberculosis'' from blood, lymph nodes or faecal samples.<br />

Acute forms of this disease can cause septicaemia and death within 48hrs. Chronic cases have more progressive clinical symptoms but will usually culminate in death after 3-4 weeks. During this 3-4 week period any young may become congenitally or neonatally affected. Diagnosis is via culture of ''Yersinia pseudotuberculosis'' from blood, lymph nodes or faecal samples.<br />

''Yersinia'' infections are transmitted via wild birds and other rodents contaminating their food, particularly green foods. Once the disease is endemic  in a breeding population some infections can be passed vertically in the milk. <br />

''Yersinia'' infections are transmitted via wild birds and other rodents contaminating their food, particularly green foods. Once the disease is endemic  in a breeding population some infections can be passed vertically in the milk. Macroscopic pathologic lesions include enlarged or abscessed lymph nodes and necrosis of liver and spleen.<br />

'''Clostridia'''

'''Clostridia'''

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