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Gut Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 13:37, 29 June 2012
, 13:37, 29 June 2012no edit summary
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Various regions of the [[Alimentary System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|Alimentary Tract]] secrete [[Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which have various functions within the gastrointestinal tract itself, plus the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]], [[Gall Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|gall bladder]] and [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|
pancreas]].
Many of the hormones act in a ''paracrine'' fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream.
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|+ ''Main hormones of the GIT''
!Hormone
!Site of Secretion within GIT
!Action
|-
|<font color=Purple>Cholecystokinin</font>
|[[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|Duodenum]]
|Stimulates digestion of fat and protein by causing release of digestive enzymes and bile from the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]] and [[Gall Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|gall bladder]].
|-
|<font color=Purple>Gastrin</font>
|G-Cells in [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] and [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]]
|Stimulates Parietal cells in the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] to secrete HCl and Chief cells to secrete pepsinogen.
|-
|<font color=Purple>Gastric Inhibitory Peptide</font>
|[[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|Duodenum]]and [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|Jejunum]]
|Inhibits gastric motility and HCl secretion in the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]], induces insulin secretion.
|-
|<font color=Purple>Ghrelin</font>
|[[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|Stomach]] and [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|Pancreas]]
|Increases food intake (by stimulating hunger) at the level of the [[Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|hypothalamus]].
|-
|<font color=Purple>Secretin</font>
|Crypts of Leiberkuhn in the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|Duodenum]]
|Causes secretion of bicarbonate to buffer the pH of the chyme entering the [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]. Also triggers insulin release.
|-
|<font color=Purple>Somatostatin </font>
|Gastric glands of the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]]
|Inhibits release of gastrin and HCl from the [[Monogastric Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]], inhibits secretin and cholecystokinin release from the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] and inhibits release of glucagon from the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]].
|}
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[[Category:Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology]]