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==Description==

==Description==

A highly malignant tumour of vascular endothelial origin. Commonly affect dogs and the most frequently affected areas are the spleen, pericardium, right atrium, liver and muscle.  The cat is affected less frequently and the most common sites are the liver, spleen and mesentry. Metastasis occurs via the haematogenous route or via rupture and transabdominal spread.  Metastatic sites include, lungs, liver, omentum and diaphram. Surgery is the treatment of choice but even with this survival time remains very short.

A highly malignant tumour of vascular endothelial origin. Commonly affect dogs and the most frequently affected areas are the spleen, pericardium, right atrium, liver and muscle.  The cat is affected less frequently and the most common sites are the liver, spleen and mesentry. Metastasis occurs via the haematogenous route or via rupture and transabdominal spread.  Metastatic sites include, lungs, liver, omentum and diaphragm. Surgery is the treatment of choice but even with this survival time remains very short.

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Often found in German Shepherd Dogs and Golden Retrievers over 9 years of age. Domestic Short haired cats are the most commonly affected cat breed.

Often found in German Shepherd Dogs and Golden Retrievers over 9 years of age. Domestic Short haired cats are the most commonly affected cat breed.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

==History and Clinical Signs==

==History and Clinical Signs==

Can vary depending on the anatomic site that the mass is affecting.

Can vary depending on the anatomic site that the mass is affecting.

Signs such as anorexia, lethargy, weakness, vomiting and anaemia are common.

Signs such as anorexia, lethargy, weakness, [[vomiting]] and [[:Category:Anaemia|anaemia]] are common.

Animals can also present Collapsed following the rupture of the mass, leading to a haemoabdomen or occasionally can be found dead.  

Animals can also present collapsed following the rupture of the mass, leading to a haemoabdomen or occasionally can be found dead.  

In instances where the heart is involved animals may present in heart failure. If there is muscular involvement this often presents as a hard swollen mass.

In instances where the heart is involved animals may present in [[:Category:heart Failure|heart failure]]. If there is muscular involvement this often presents as a hard swollen mass.

If the nervous sytem is involved a range of neurological abnormalities will also be present.

If the nervous system is involved a range of neurological abnormalities will also be present.

==Laboratory Tests==

==Laboratory Tests==

====Haematology====

====Haematology====

Anaemia will be evident which may be regenerative if due to blood loss, or microangiopathic due to the passage of [[erythrocytes|red blood cells]] through the microvascular network of the tumour.

[[Anaemia - Introduction|Anaemia]] will be evident which may be regenerative if due to blood loss, or microangiopathic due to the passage of [[erythrocytes|red blood cells]] through the microvascular network of the tumour.

This results in the presence of schistocytes in dogs but not cats.

This results in the presence of schistocytes in dogs but not cats.

A [[Neutrophilia|neutrophilia]] and [[Platelet Abnormalities#Thrombocytopaenia|thrombocytopenia]] may also be present.

A [[Neutrophilia|neutrophilia]] and [[Platelet Abnormalities#Thrombocytopaenia|thrombocytopenia]] may also be present.

===Ultrasonography===

===Ultrasonography===

This is sensitive in indentifying liver and splenic masses where the spleen will show a mixed or non-homogenoeous pattern and the liver will look hypoechoic or anechoic. It can also be useful to detect metastatic spread.

This is sensitive in identifying liver and splenic masses where the spleen will show a mixed or non-homogenoeous pattern and the liver will look hypoechoic or anechoic. It can also be useful to detect metastatic spread.

==Biopsy==

==Biopsy==

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

===Surgery===

===Surgery===

Surgery is the treatment of choice for haemangiosarcoma in the dog and cat. All diseased tissue should be removed and Splenic haemangiosarcoma should be treated via splenectomy. Local removal is difficult if the pericardium and right atrium is involved. A pericardectomy can be undertaken but the prognosis with tumours at this location is grave.

Surgery is the treatment of choice for haemangiosarcoma in the dog and cat. All diseased tissue should be removed and splenic haemangiosarcoma should be treated via splenectomy. Local removal is difficult if the pericardium and right atrium is involved. A pericardectomy can be undertaken but the prognosis with tumours at this location is grave.

===Chemotherapy===

===Chemotherapy===

[[Category:Liver,_Primary_Tumours]]

[[Category:Liver,_Primary_Tumours]][[Category:Dog]][[Category:Cat]]

[[Category:Peritoneal_Cavity_-_Neoplastic_Pathology]]

[[Category:Peritoneal_Cavity_-_Neoplastic_Pathology]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]][[Category:Splenic Neoplasia]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]][[Category:Splenic Neoplasia]]

[[Category:To Do - Caz]]

[[Category:To Do - Caz]]

[[Category:To Do_-_Review]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]