Changes

==Description==

==Description==

Primary hepatic tumours are rare, accounting for less than 1.5% of all canine tumours and 1.0-2.9% of all feline tumours. However, the liver is a common site for the establishment of metastatic tumours due to its rich blood supply from the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery.  In dogs, hepatic neoplasia are 2.5 times more likely to be metastases than primary neoplasia whereas primary hepatobillary tumours are more frequent than metastatic tumours in cats.

Primary hepatic tumours are rare, accounting for less than 1.5% of all canine tumours and 1.0-2.9% of all feline tumours. However, the liver is a common site for the establishment of metastatic tumours due to its rich blood supply from the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery.  In dogs, hepatic neoplasia are 2.5 times more likely to be metastases than primary neoplasia whereas primary hepatobillary tumours are more frequent than metastatic tumours in cats.

Cholangiocellular tumours include bile duct '''carcinomas''' and '''adenomas'''.  Bile duct carcinomas are the most common malignant hepatobillary tumours in cats and the second most frequent in dogs, with female animals possibly being predisposed.  Intra-hepatic carcinomas are more frequent in dogs but in cats, it is unclear whether extra-hepatic masses occur more frequently or whether intra- and extra-hepatic masses occur with equal frequency.

Cholangiocellular tumours include bile duct '''carcinomas''' and '''adenomas'''.  Bile duct carcinomas are the most common malignant hepatobillary tumours in cats and the second most frequent in dogs, with female animals possibly being predisposed.  Intra-hepatic carcinomas are more frequent in dogs but in cats, it is unclear whether extra-hepatic masses occur more frequently or whether intra- and extra-hepatic masses occur with equal frequency.

Bile duct carcinomas are aggressive and they often metastasise to distant sites.  In dogs, these metastases are most common in the regional lymph nodes and lungs but diffuse intra-peritoneal metastasis and carcinomatosis are more common in cats.  Bile duct adenomas (also known as biliary or hepatobiliary cystadenomas) are common in cats, particularly in males.  These tumours are generally insignificant unless they of sufficient size to compress surrounding soft tissue structures and cause [[Biliary Tract - Obstruction|biliary tract obstruction]].

Bile duct carcinomas are aggressive and they often metastasise to distant sites.  In dogs, these metastases are most common in the regional lymph nodes and lungs but diffuse intra-peritoneal metastasis and carcinomatosis are more common in cats.  Bile duct adenomas (also known as biliary or hepatobiliary cystadenomas) are common in cats, particularly in males.  These tumours are generally insignificant unless they of sufficient size to compress surrounding soft tissue structures and cause [[Biliary Tract Obstruction|biliary tract obstruction]].

===Carcinoids===

===Carcinoids===

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

The median survival time for massive [[Carcinoma#Hepatocytic|hepatocellular carcinomas]] following surgery is approximately 1 year. Otherwise the prognosis is poor for other types of malignant and metastatic tumours. If successfully excised the prognosis for benign tumours is good.

The median survival time for massive [[Carcinoma#Hepatocytic|hepatocellular carcinomas]] following surgery is approximately 1 year. Otherwise the prognosis is poor for other types of malignant and metastatic tumours. If successfully excised the prognosis for benign tumours is good.

==References==

==References==

* Liptak J. M, Withrow S.J, (2007), Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract, in Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, fourth edition, Eds Withrow S.J, Vail D.M, Missouri, Saunders Elsevier, pp 483-489

* Liptak J. M, Withrow S.J, (2007), Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract, in Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, fourth edition, Eds Withrow S.J, Vail D.M, Missouri, Saunders Elsevier, pp 483-489

[[Category:Liver_-_Proliferative_Pathology]]

[[Category:Liver_-_Proliferative_Pathology]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Alimentary]][[Category:To Do - Major]]

[[Category:Dog]][[Category:Cat]]

[[Category:Liver Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Liver Diseases - Cat]]