Difference between revisions of "Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology"
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<big><center>[[Anatomy and Physiology|'''BACK TO ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | <big><center>[[Anatomy and Physiology|'''BACK TO ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | ||
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
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It is made up of 5 different bones which vary in length and size depending on the species. | It is made up of 5 different bones which vary in length and size depending on the species. | ||
| − | + | [[Image:Hyoid Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Hyoid Apparatus in situ - Copyright Nottingham]] | |
==Structure and Function== | ==Structure and Function== | ||
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*Basihyoid | *Basihyoid | ||
**Lingual process present in some species which protrudes into the roof of the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] | **Lingual process present in some species which protrudes into the roof of the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] | ||
| + | **Unpaired | ||
*Stylohyoid | *Stylohyoid | ||
**Articulates with base of skull at petrus temporal | **Articulates with base of skull at petrus temporal | ||
| − | **Articulates with [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Thyroid Cartilage|thyroid cartilage]] of [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]] | + | **Articulates with [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Thyroid Cartilage|thyroid cartilage]] of [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]] |
| + | **Paired | ||
*Epihyoid | *Epihyoid | ||
| + | **Paired | ||
*Keratohyoid | *Keratohyoid | ||
| + | **Paired | ||
*Thyrohyoid | *Thyrohyoid | ||
| + | **Paired | ||
==Species Differences== | ==Species Differences== | ||
Revision as of 15:10, 29 July 2008
Introduction
The hyoid apparatus holds the larynx in place and supports the pharynx and tongue from the skull.
It is made up of 5 different bones which vary in length and size depending on the species.
Structure and Function
- Attached to the temporal region of the skull by a synchondrosis
- Palpable through pharynx
- Visible when the pharynx is viewed through the mouth
- Basihyoid is palpable within the intermandibular space
- Sternohyoid muscle pulls hyoid caudally
- Geniohyoid muscle pulls hyoid rostrally
The hyoid bones
- Basihyoid
- Lingual process present in some species which protrudes into the roof of the tongue
- Unpaired
- Stylohyoid
- Articulates with base of skull at petrus temporal
- Articulates with thyroid cartilage of larynx
- Paired
- Epihyoid
- Paired
- Keratohyoid
- Paired
- Thyrohyoid
- Paired
Species Differences
Carnivores
- Stylohyoid bones not palpable
Equine
- Epihyoid small
Ruminants
- Lingual process present
Porcine
- Lingual process present