Changes

{{Taxobox

{{Taxobox

|name              = ''Moraxella bovis''

|name              = ''Moraxella bovis''

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

'''Sub-conjunctival injections of appropriate antibiotics such as procaine penicillin''' are most effective, but treatment can also be given '''systemically, e.g. oxytetracycline, tulathromycin, tilmicosin and florfenicol'''. Early acute cases may respond to regular application of '''ophthalmic ointments such as those containing cloxacillin'''. Withdrawal periods must be adhered to, so selecting a drug licensed for the preferred method of administration is advised.  

'''Sub-conjunctival injections of appropriate antibiotics such as procaine penicillin''' are most effective, but treatment can also be given '''systemically, e.g. oxytetracycline, tulathromycin, tilmicosin or florfenicol'''. Early acute cases may respond to regular application of '''ophthalmic ointments such as those containing cloxacillin'''. Withdrawal periods must be adhered to, so selecting a drug licensed for the preferred method of administration is advised.  

'''Anti-inflammatory therapy''' may also improve demeanour during recovery.

'''Anti-inflammatory therapy''' may also improve demeanour during recovery.

If possible, animals should be housed indoors during treatment so that flies can be controlled and irritation minimised.  

If possible, animals should be housed indoors during treatment so that flies can be controlled and irritation minimised.  

Severe cases may require '''surgery such as temporary third eyelid closure or conjunctival pedicle grafts'' to facilitate ulcer healing.

Severe cases may require '''surgery such as temporary third eyelid closure or conjunctival pedicle grafts''' to facilitate ulcer healing.

==Control==

==Control==

{{review}}

{{Nick Lyons

[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]

 

{{OpenPages}}

 

[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]

[[Category:Neurological Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Neurological Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Nick L]]

[[Category:Nick Lyons reviewed]]