Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis

Revision as of 10:19, 22 May 2010 by Bara (talk | contribs) (Created page with ' Also known as IBR Caused by:Bovine Herpesvirus 1 : aerosol transfer ====Pathogenesis==== *BHV-1 infects the respiratory mucosal epithelial cells (intranuclear inclusion eo…')

(diff) ← Older revision | Approved revision (diff) | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Also known as IBR Caused by:Bovine Herpesvirus 1

aerosol transfer

Pathogenesis

  • BHV-1 infects the respiratory mucosal epithelial cells (intranuclear inclusion eosinophilic inclusion bodies)from nasal mucosa down to bronchioles
    • Leading to neutrophilic inflammation of varying severity: serous -> catarrhal -> purulent nasal discharge, sneezing, coughing
  • Dypsnoea, anorexia
  • Rhinotracheitis that can develop into bronchopneumonia
  • Clinical signs include coughing, discharge, lacrimation, and increased respiratory rate
  • Clinical disease most severe in young calves - can develop mucosal ulcerative lesions in the oesophagus and forestomachs and viraemia with multiorgan infection
  • Generally high morbidity, low mortality, but up to 75% mortality if concurrent with BVDV, caused by meningo-encephalitis

Diagnosis

  • Virus isolation and immunofluorescence

Control

  • Vaccination:
    • Two live attenuated vaccines are available in the UK, one is temperature-sensitive
      • Both given intranasally
      • Neither protect against re-infection when given during clinical outbreak, but can lessen the severity of the disease
    • Inactivated vaccines: intranasal/intramuscular administration
      • gE deletion makes this a marker vaccine
      • ELISA for gE deletion can enable culling of carrier animals
  • IPV has mostly been made obsolete by AI