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Also known as: '''''Scrotal hernia

| Also known as:

| '''Scrotal hernia

==Description==

==Introduction==

'''Inguinal hernias''' occur when abdominal organs move into the inguinal canal where they may become [[Hernia|incarcerated]] or [[Hernia|strangulated]].  The herniated organs may be within the tunica vaginalis (an '''indirect hernia''') or they may be beside the tunica but within the inguinal canal (a '''direct hernia''').  In both cases, a true [[Hernia|hernial sac]] is formed by either the tunica vaginalis or parietal peritoneum, respectively.  '''Scrotal hernias''' occur in male animals when indirectly herniated organs pass along the tunica vaginalis to the level of the scrotum.  Organs in a scrotal hernia are much more likely to become strangulated.  The organs most commonly involved in the hernia are the omentum, small intestine, bladder and uterus and these may become incarcerated or strangulated within the relatively narrow inguinal canal.

'''Inguinal hernias''' occur when abdominal organs move into the inguinal canal where they may become [[Hernia|incarcerated]] or [[Hernia|strangulated]].  The herniated organs may be within the tunica vaginalis (an '''indirect hernia''') or they may be beside the tunica but within the inguinal canal (a '''direct hernia''').  In both cases, a true [[Hernia|hernial sac]] is formed by either the tunica vaginalis or parietal peritoneum, respectively.  '''Scrotal hernias''' occur in male animals when indirectly herniated organs pass along the tunica vaginalis to the level of the scrotum.  Organs in a scrotal hernia are much more likely to become strangulated.  The organs most commonly involved in the hernia are the omentum, small intestine, bladder and uterus and these may become incarcerated or strangulated within the relatively narrow inguinal canal.

===Clinical Signs===

===Clinical Signs===

In small animals, clinical signs are most likely to be noticed if part of the small intestine becomes strangulated, causing:

In small animals, clinical signs are most likely to be noticed if part of the small intestine becomes strangulated, causing:

*'''Vomiting'''

*'''[[Vomiting]]'''

*'''Anorexia''', depression and lethargy

*'''Anorexia''', depression and lethargy

*Septic peritonitis may develop if the intestine ruptures

*Septic peritonitis may develop if the intestine ruptures

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

The prognosis is good after surgical correction of the hernia but is poorer if intestinal strangulation or rupture have occurred.  A mortality rate of 3% has been recorded for surgical management of inguinal hernias <ref> Waters DJ, Roy RG, Stone EA. '''A retrospective study of inguinal hernia in 35 dogs.''' ''Veterinary Surgery''. 1993 Jan-Feb;22(1):44-9.</ref>.

The prognosis is good after surgical correction of the hernia but is poorer if intestinal strangulation or rupture have occurred.  A mortality rate of 3% has been recorded for surgical management of inguinal hernias <ref> Waters DJ, Roy RG, Stone EA. '''A retrospective study of inguinal hernia in 35 dogs.''' ''Veterinary Surgery''. 1993 Jan-Feb;22(1):44-9.</ref>.

==References==

==References==

Fossum, T. W. et. al. (2007) '''Small Animal Surgery (Third Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''

Fossum, T. W. et. al. (2007) '''Small Animal Surgery (Third Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''

[[Category:To_Do_-_James]]

 

[[Category:Cat]][[Category:Dog]][[Category:Horse]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

 

 

[[Category:Peritoneal Cavity Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Cat]]

[[Category:Expert_Review - Horse]]

[[Category:Peritoneal Cavity Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Peritoneal Cavity Diseases - Dog]]