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Introduction to General Pathology (view source)
Revision as of 20:30, 3 September 2010
, 20:30, 3 September 2010→Pathological changes to cells
Enter body from environment [[Pigmentation and Calcification - Pathology]]
Enter body from environment [[Pigmentation and Calcification - Pathology]]
[[Disorders of Cell Growth - Pathology]]
Atrophy is a decrease in the size of the cells and organ, occurring after the organ has reached normal size. Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ due to an increase in size of the individual cells. Hypoplasia is a reduction in the size of cells and tissues,.
Due to a failure to grow to normal size.
Ranges from mild hypoplasia to almost complete absence.
Almost complete absence is also called vestigial or rudimentary.
Aplasia and agensis refer to complete absence of tissue.
Generally refer to the gross appearance rather than the microscopic appearance.
Some rudimentary tissue can be seen if searched for carefully. Hyperplasia is an increase in the size of an organ due to an increase in the numbers of cells present within it.
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia may occur concurrently.
The hyperplastic response stops when the inciting agent ceases.
Hyperplastic tissue is more prone to injury by chemicals, and also may be more prone to undergo neoplastic change in some casesMetaplasia is a transformation of one type of tissue into another.
Occurs solely in:
Connective tissue
The metaplastic change id to cartilage and bone in damaged tissue.
Caesarean scars in the pig are especially prone to osseous metaplasia.
Epithelium
Squamous metaplasia of cuboidal or columnar epithelium is quite common.
Seen in the prostate of dogs under the influence of oestrogens. Dysplasia is abnormal growth within a tissueAnaplasia is a marked and irreversible loss of cellular differentiation with return to a more primitive state.
Afeature of highly malignant tumours. Neoplasia is a serious disturbance of growth of tissues[[Disorders of Cell Growth - Pathology]]
[[Necrosis - Pathology]]
[[Necrosis - Pathology]]