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==Introduction==
==Description==
[[Image:intussusception.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Diagram of intussuscception (Courtesy of Elspeth Milne)]]
[[Image:intussusception.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Diagram of intussuscception (Courtesy of Elspeth Milne)]]
'''Intussusception''' is the invagination of one portion of the gastrointestinal tract into the lumen of the adjacent portion. The '''intussusceptum''' is the invaginated segment and the '''intussuscipien''' is the enveloping segment. A normograde intussusception is most common, but retrograde intussusception has also been reported.
'''Intussusception''' is the invagination of one portion of the gastrointestinal tract into the lumen of the adjacent portion. The '''intussusceptum''' is the invaginated segment and the '''intussuscipien''' is the enveloping segment. A normograde intussusception is most common, but retrograde intussusception has also been reported.
===Pathogenesis===
===Pathogenesis===
Intussusception results from abnormal peristalsis. Vigorous contractions force the more proximal intestine to invaginate into the adjacent distal portion, taking its mesenteric attachment with it. Obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract causes distention which may lead to rupture and peritonitis. Compression of the mesenteric vessels cause vascular compromise to the instestine, resulting in venous congestion, oedema and if the aterial supply is damaged, full thickness necrosis. An inflammatory exudate is released from the serosal surface and fibrinous adhesions may form, making the structure irreducible.
Intussusception results from abnormal peristalsis. Vigorous contractions force the more proximal intestine to invaginate into the adjacent distal portion, taking its mesenteric attachment with it. Obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract causes distention which may lead to rupture and peritonitis. Compression of the mesenteric vessels cause vascular compromise to the intestine, resulting in venous congestion, oedema and if the aterial supply is damaged, full thickness necrosis. An inflammatory exudate is released from the serosal surface and fibrinous adhesions may form, making the structure irreducible.
Intussusception normally occurs due to gastrointestinal disease, although it is often hard to identify the cause. It is associated with any condition that increases peristalsis such as
Intussusception normally occurs due to gastrointestinal disease, although it is often hard to identify the cause. It is associated with any condition that increases peristalsis such as
{{Learning
{{Learning
|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis00651.asp, Canine intussusception]<br>[https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Illustration/ill00400.asp, Intussusception barium radiograph]
|flashcards = [[Small Animal Abdominal and Metabolic Disorders Q&A 14]]
|flashcards = [[Small Animal Abdominal and Metabolic Disorders Q&A 14]]
|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28Intussusception%29 Intussusception publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28Intussusception%29 Intussusception publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28dogs%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28Intussusception%29%29%29 Intussusception in dogs publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28dogs%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28Intussusception%29%29%29 Intussusception in dogs publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28cattle%29+OR+od%3A%28sheep%29+OR+od%3A%28goats%29+OR+od%3A%28pigs%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28Intussusception%29%29%29 Intussusception in farm animals publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=%28%28od%3A%28cattle%29+OR+od%3A%28sheep%29+OR+od%3A%28goats%29+OR+od%3A%28pigs%29%29%29+AND+%28%28title%3A%28Intussusception%29%29%29 Intussusception in farm animals publications]
}}
==References==
==References==
*Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''.
*Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''.
*Tilley, L.P. and Smith, F.W.K.(2004)'''The 5-minute Veterinary Consult(Third edition)''' ''Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins''.
*Tilley, L.P. and Smith, F.W.K.(2004)'''The 5-minute Veterinary Consult(Third edition)''' ''Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins''.
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[[Category:Intestine_-_Physical_Disturbances]]
[[Category:Intestine_-_Physical_Disturbances]]
[[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Cat]]
[[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Cat]]
[[Category:Expert_Review]]
[[Category:Expert_Review]]