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Limb Vasculature - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 16:38, 1 November 2012
, 16:38, 1 November 2012→Thoracic Limb Proximal
==Thoracic Limb Proximal==
==Thoracic Limb Proximal==
The '''subclavian artery''' gives rise to the '''superficial cervical artery''', before it becomes the '''axillary artery'''. The '''deltoid branch''' of the superficial cervical artery accompanies the '''cephalic vein''' (arises from the external jugular vein) though a groove between the ''brachiocephalicus'' and ''pectoralis descendens''. The '''axillary vessels''' give rise to the following vessels before becoming the '''brachial artery''':
* '''External thoracic vessels''': supply the pectoral muscles
* '''Suprascapular vessels''': supply the caudal border of the suprascapular muscles
* '''Thoracodorsal vessels''': supply the latissimus dorsi
* '''Caudal circumflex humeral vessels'''
The '''thoracodorsal and circumflex arteries''' are branches of the '''subscapular artery'''. The '''cranial circumflex humeral artery''' runs deep to the coracobrachialis to supply the biceps; its corresponding satellite vein can cross the coracobrachialis on either surface. The '''thoracodorsal vein''' gives rise to the '''superficial thoracic vein''', which passes caudally to drain the ventral part of the trunk.
The '''brachial vessels''' give rise to deep brachial vessels, which supply the triceps. More distally, brachial vessels form '''bicipital vessels''' to the biceps. The next branches from the brachial vessels are the '''transverse cubital vessels''', which pass deep to the biceps. The '''collateral ulnar vessels''' arise from the caudal surface of the brachial vessels, following the path of the ulnar nerve. The final branches are the '''common interosseous vessels''', which pass through the interosseous space to continue as the '''cranial interosseous vessels'''.
The '''brachial vein''' gives rise to the '''median cubital vein''' at the level of the elbow. This subsequently anastamoses with the '''cephalic vein'''. The cephalic vein leaves the groove between the brachiocephalicus and pectoralis descendens and runs distally on the medial surface of the antebrachium. At the elbow joint, it gives rise to the '''accessory cephalic vein''' which runs parallel to the cephalic vein but then curves cranially to terminate on the dorsal surface of the carpus.
The '''median artery''' gives off its palmar branch before passing through the carpal canal. It is then joined by a branch of the '''radial artery''' and continues towards the digit as the '''medial palmar artery'''. The smaller '''lateral palmar artery''' originates from the union of the '''palmar branch of the median artery''' with the '''collateral ulnar artery''' proximal to the carpus.
The '''median and radial arteries''' branch and then anastamose to form the '''deep palmar arch''' at the level of the carpus. The '''median and lateral palmar metacarpal arteries''' arise from the deep palmar arch. They run distally on the axial surface of the medial and lateral splint bones, respectively.
==Thoracic Limb Arteries==
==Thoracic Limb Arteries==