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==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
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Lips are the external physical boundary of the oral cavity. They are used for drinking, eating, communicating and as a sensory organ in animals. The size, thickness, mobility and therefore the physiology of lips in different species varies- mostly depending on diet.
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Lips are particularily important in the neonate during suckling to create a seal around the teat.
    
==Functional Anatomy==
 
==Functional Anatomy==
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*Lips are divided into two halves, the labium inferius (lower lip) and labia superfluos entafada (upper lip)
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*Lips are composed of skin, muscle, tendon, glands and oral mucosa
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*Skin and mucosa meet at the lip margins
    
==Histology==
 
==Histology==
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*Stratified squamous epithelium
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*Labial glands present
    
==Innervation==
 
==Innervation==
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*Maxillary of Trigeminal (CN V2) for upper lip
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*Mandibular of Trigeminal (CN V3) for lower lip
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==Species Differences==
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*Wider gape in carnivores for biting/seizing prey and drinking is done by lapping with the tongue.
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*Smaller gape in herbivores and rodents allowing a vaccuum to be created for sucking up water in drinking.
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*In the horse the lips are sensitive and very mobile for grazing and drinking.
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*In the ox the lips are thickened and insensitive.
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*In the cat the lips are smaller in size and have decreased motility .
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*In the dog the lips are extensive but thin. Communication, such as aggression, is shown through movement of the lips by the orbicularis oris muscle, zygomaticus muscle and nasolabial levator.
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