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Lizard and Snake Surgery (view source)
Revision as of 11:21, 4 November 2010
, 11:21, 4 November 2010→Literature Search
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[[Image:Snake_op.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Copyright © RVC and its licensors, Peer Zwart and Fredric Frye. All rights reserved.]]
[[Image:Snake_op.jpg|300px|thumb|right|(Copyright © RVC)]]
==Introduction==
Reptilian surgery has much in common with mammalian surgery with some special considerations.
Reptilian surgery has much in common with mammalian surgery with some special considerations.
* For information on lizard and snake anaesthesia, see [[Lizard and Snake Anaesthesia|Lizard and Snake Anaesthesia]].
* For information on lizard and snake anaesthesia, see [[Lizard and Snake Anaesthesia|Lizard and Snake Anaesthesia]].
* For information on lizard and snake dystocia surgery, see [[Lizard and Snake Dystocia|Lizard and Snake Dystocia]].
* For information on lizard and snake dystocia surgery, see [[Lizard and Snake Dystocia|Lizard and Snake Dystocia]].
* For information on how to inject a lizard, see [[Lizard Injection|Lizard Injection]].
* For information on how to inject a lizard, see [[Lizard Injection|Lizard Injection]].
==Preparation==
==Preparation==
[[Image:Snake_clear_drapes.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Copyright © RVC and its licensors, Peer Zwart and Fredric Frye. All rights reserved.]]
[[Image:Snake_clear_drapes.jpg|200px|thumb|right|(Copyright © RVC)]]
[[Image:Cerumen_loops_close.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Copyright © RVC and its licensors, Peer Zwart and Fredric Frye. All rights reserved.]]
[[Image:Cerumen_loops_close.jpg|200px|thumb|right|(Copyright © RVC)]]
* Assess hydration, metabolic and nutritional status and correct as necessary. Ideally take a blood sample. Use aseptic technique.
* Assess hydration, metabolic and nutritional status and correct as necessary. Ideally take a blood sample. Use aseptic technique.
==Coeliotomy approach==
==Coeliotomy approach==
[[Image:Ventral_abdo_vein.bmp|300px|thumb|right|'''The ventral abdominal vein in a lizard''' (Copyright © RVC and its licensors, Sean Bobbit, Sue Evans, Andrew Devare and Claire Moore. All rights reserved)]]
[[Image:Ventral_abdo_vein.bmp|300px|thumb|right|'''The ventral abdominal vein in a lizard''' (Copyright © RVC)]]
Common indications for coeliotomies include [[Lizard and Snake Dystocia|dystocia]] and related problems, abscesses and exploratory surgery especially for taking biopsies. Consider magnification for small snakes and lizards.
Common indications for coeliotomies include [[Lizard and Snake Dystocia|dystocia]] and related problems, abscesses and exploratory surgery especially for taking biopsies. Consider magnification for small snakes and lizards.
===Lizards===
===Lizards===
* Paralumbar and midline approaches are recommended.
* Paralumbar and midline approaches are recommended.
* Serious haemorrhage can occur if the ventral abdominal vein (which is very large and located on the ventral midline a few millimetres deep to the linea alba) is cut. A paramedian incision is recommended to avoid this. If a ventral midline approach is used great caution is advised!
* Serious haemorrhage can occur if the [[Ventral abdominal vein|ventral abdominal vein]] (which is very large and located on the ventral midline a few millimetres deep to the linea alba) is cut. A paramedian incision is recommended to avoid this. If a ventral midline approach is used great caution is advised!
===Snakes===
===Snakes===
==Wound healing==
==Wound healing==
[[Image:Snake_op2.jpg|200px|thumb|right|(Copyright © RVC)]]
* Surgical incisions in reptiles undergo the same phases of healing as mammalian wounds but strengthen much more slowly. Factors affecting wound healing include would include ambient temperature (i.e. [[Preferred optimum temperature zone|POTZ]]), hygiene, orientation (longitudinal wounds heal more quickly). Leave sutures in for at least three to six weeks.
* Surgical incisions in reptiles undergo the same phases of healing as mammalian wounds but strengthen much more slowly. Factors affecting wound healing include would include ambient temperature (i.e. [[Preferred optimum temperature zone|POTZ]]), hygiene, orientation (longitudinal wounds heal more quickly). Leave sutures in for at least three to six weeks.
* Once awake and responsive place in a warm, dark, quiet environment.
* Once awake and responsive place in a warm, dark, quiet environment.
[[Category:Lizard_and_Snake_Surgery]]
==Literature Search==
[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
<br><br><br>
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(snake)+OR+ab:(snake)+OR+od:(snake)+OR+title:(lizard)+OR+ab:(lizard)+OR+od:(lizard)+OR+title:(reptile)+OR+ab:(reptile)+OR+od:(reptiles))+AND+(title:(surgery)+OR+title:(surgery)) Reptile Surgery publications]
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093118382.pdf '''Soft tissue surgery in reptiles: principles and approaches.''' Bennett, R. A.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 17-21 January, 2009, 2009, pp 1758-1761 - '''Full Text Article''']
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093118381.pdf '''That's hard: principles of orthopedic surgery in reptiles.''' Bennett, R. A.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 17-21 January, 2009, 2009, pp 1755-1757 - '''Full Text Article''']
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093118383.pdf '''That's soft: soft tissue surgery in reptiles.''' Bennett, R. A.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 17-21 January, 2009, 2009, pp 1762-1765 - '''Full Text Article''']
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2007/20073120017.pdf ''' Snake anatomy and physiology with reference to surgery and anesthesia.''' Holz, P.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Volume 21, Orlando, Florida, USA, 2007, 2007, pp 1542-1543 - '''Full Text Article''']
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2006/20063121823.pdf '''Reptile coeliotomy: a vital technique to master.''' Hernandez-Divers, S. J.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Volume 20, Orlando, Florida, USA, 7-11 January, 2006, 2006, pp 1614-1618, 3 ref. - '''Full Text Article''']
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