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Also known as: ''''' Fibromatous epulis of periodontal ligament — Epulis — Ossifying Epulis

Also known as: ''''' Fibromatous epulis of periodontal ligament — Epulis — Ossifying Epulis

   

   

==Introduction==  

==Introduction==  

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma is a benign tumour that arises from the [[Enamel Organ#Periodontal Ligament|periodontal ligament]]. It was previously known as a fibromatous epulis and ossifying epulis depending on the degree of mineralization.  

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma is a benign tumour that arises from the [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Periodontal Ligament|periodontal ligament]]. It was previously known as a fibromatous epulis and ossifying epulis depending on the degree of mineralization.  

They present as firm, smooth swellings of the [[Gingiva|gingiva]] and are normally indistinguishable from [[Gingival Hyperplasia|gingival hyperplasia]].

They present as firm, smooth swellings of the [[Gingiva|gingiva]] and are normally indistinguishable from [[Gingival Hyperplasia|gingival hyperplasia]].

==Typical Signalment==

==Typical Signalment==

Most common benign tumour found in the oral cavity in dogs but is less common in cats. Is seen in dogs of any age but more common in those older than 6 years. Boxers tend to be predisposed.

Most common benign tumour found in the oral cavity in dogs but is less common in cats. Is seen in dogs of any age but more common in those older than 6 years. .

==Clinical Signs==

==Clinical Signs==

==Diagnostic Imaging==

==Diagnostic Imaging==

Radiographs are required to differentiate this benign neoplasm from malignant or locally aggressive lesions. Skull radiographs will evaluate the oral lesion itself and thoracic radiography to evaluate for metastasies (if a malignancy is a diagnostic possibility). Radiographs typically show a soft tissue opacity in the the gingiva region with varying degrees of mineralization. Bone involvement is not a feature of this neoplasm and hence is not to be confused with [[Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma|Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma]] which often invades bone.

Radiographs are required to differentiate this benign neoplasm from malignant or locally aggressive lesions. Intra-oral radiographs will evaluate the oral lesion itself and thoracic radiography to evaluate for metastasies (if a malignancy is a diagnostic possibility). Radiographs typically show a soft tissue opacity in the the gingiva region with varying degrees of mineralization. Bone involvement is not a feature of this neoplasm and hence is not to be confused with [[Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma|Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma]] which often invades bone.

Radiography cannot be used to differentiate a peripheral odontogenic fibroma from a hyperplastic gingival lesion.

Radiography cannot be used to differentiate a peripheral odontogenic fibroma from a hyperplastic gingival lesion.

==Pathology==

==Pathology==

[[Image:epulis.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Canine Epulis(Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]

[[Image:epulis.gif|right|thumb|200px|<small><center>Canine Epulis(Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]

Proliferation of fibrous tissue with a variety of osteoid, [[Enamel Organ#Cementum|cementum]] or [[Enamel Organ#Dentine|dentine]] like material. Isolated strands or islands of odontogenic epithelium are always present (ie: suggesting induction of connective tissue by the epithelial cells).  

Proliferation of fibrous tissue with a variety of osteoid, [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Cementum|cementum]] or [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology#Dentine|dentine]] like material. Isolated strands or islands of odontogenic epithelium are always present (ie: suggesting induction of connective tissue by the epithelial cells).  

The stroma contains neoplastic fibroblasts, with varying cellularity and the overlying epitheluim is normal.

The stroma contains neoplastic fibroblasts, with varying cellularity and the overlying epitheluim is normal.

Good following surgical resection. Recurrence is common following incomplete surgical resection.

Good following surgical resection. Recurrence is common following incomplete surgical resection.

[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]

|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28%22Peripheral+Odontogenic+Fibroma%22%29+OR+%28title%3A%28epulis%29+AND+%28title%3A%28fibromatous%29+OR+title%3A%28ossifying%29%29%29 Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma publications]

 

 

[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28%22Peripheral+Odontogenic+Fibroma%22%29+OR+%28title%3A%28epulis%29+AND+%28title%3A%28fibromatous%29+OR+title%3A%28ossifying%29%29%29 Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma publications]

==References==

==References==

With thanks to Andrew Jefferies (Cambridge) and Alun Williams (RVC) for providing access to their lecture materials

With thanks to Andrew Jefferies (Cambridge) and Alun Williams (RVC) for providing access to their lecture materials

[[Category:Teeth_-_Proliferative_Pathology]]

[[Category:Teeth_-_Proliferative_Pathology]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]]

[[Category:Bones - Pathology]]

[[Category:Bones - Pathology]]