Changes

*Abdominal pain

*Abdominal pain

*Depressed

*Depressed

*Vomiting

*[[Stomach and Abomasum Consequences of Gastric Disease - Pathology|Vomiting]]

*Diarrhoea

*[[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|Diarrhoea]]

*Hypotension and shock

*Hypotension and [[Shock - Pathology|shock]]

*Hypothermia or hyperthermia

*Hypothermia or hyperthermia

====Ultrasonography====

====Ultrasonography====

*This is sensitive to detect free fluid in the abdomen.

*This is sensitive to detect free fluid in the abdomen.

*Possible causes such as abscesses of organs or rupture of gallbladder can be identified.

*Possible causes such as abscesses of organs or rupture of [[Gall Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|gall bladder]] can be identified.

*It can be used to assist abdominocentesis.

*It can be used to assist abdominocentesis.

===Histopathology===

===Histopathology===

*Abdominal fluid can be collected for laboratory analysis via abdominocentesis.  The fluid should be stained for intracellular bacteria and assessed for:

*Abdominal fluid can be collected for laboratory analysis via abdominocentesis.  The fluid should be stained for intracellular bacteria and assessed for:

**amylase and lipase for pancreatitis

**amylase and lipase for [[Pancreatitis - WikiClinical|pancreatitis]]

**bile for biliary leak

**bile for biliary leak

**creatinine for urine

**creatinine for urine

**glucose (<2.8 mmol/l) and lactate (>5.5 mmol/l) for sepsis

**glucose (<2.8 mmol/l) and lactate (>5.5 mmol/l) for sepsis

==Treatment==

==Treatment==