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− | Also Known As – '''''PIS – Porcine colonic spirochaetosis – Spirochaetal diarrhoea''''' | + | {{OpenPagesTop}} |
| + | Also Known As: '''''PIS — Porcine Colonic Spirochaetosis — Spirochaetal Diarrhoea''''' |
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− | Caused By – ''Brachyspira pilosicoli'' | + | Caused By: '''''[[Brachyspira pilosicoli]]'' |
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| ==Introduction== | | ==Introduction== |
− | [[File:Intestinal spirochetosis - cropped - very high mag.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Intestinal spirochetosis - note the hyperchromatic fuzzy appearance of the brush border adjacent to the lumen. This is the attached spirochaetes. Wikimedia Commons.]]]] | + | [[File:Intestinal spirochetosis - cropped - very high mag.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Intestinal spirochetosis - note the hyperchromatic fuzzy appearance of the brush border adjacent to the lumen. This is the attached spirochaetes. Wikimedia Commons.]] |
− | Porcine spirochaetosis is a '''[[Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology|gastrointestinal]] disease of pigs''' caused by the '''gram negative anaerobic''' [[Bacteria|bacterium]], '''''Brachyspira pilosicoli'''''. The bacterium can be recognised by its 8-12 flagellae, inserted at each pole of the cell. | + | Porcine spirochaetosis is a '''gastrointestinal disease of pigs''' caused by the '''gram negative anaerobic''' bacterium, '''''[[Brachyspira pilosicoli]]'''''. |
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| The pathogen colonises the '''lumen and crypts of the large intestine''', attaching firmly at one end of the cell to the epithelium. | | The pathogen colonises the '''lumen and crypts of the large intestine''', attaching firmly at one end of the cell to the epithelium. |
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| Porcine spirochaetosis is present in many significant pig rearing countries, including the '''UK, Europe, Scandinavia, USA, Canada, Brazil and Australasia.''' | | Porcine spirochaetosis is present in many significant pig rearing countries, including the '''UK, Europe, Scandinavia, USA, Canada, Brazil and Australasia.''' |
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− | Transmission is mainly '''faecal: oral.''' | + | Transmission is mainly '''faecal: oral.''' The bacterium can remain viable in lake water for up to 2 months, providing another route of transmission. Birds and rodents may act as vectors for disease. |
− | The bacterium can remain viable in lake water for up to 2 months, providing another route of transmission. | |
− | Birds and rodents may act as vectors for disease. | |
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| ==Signalment== | | ==Signalment== |
− | ''B. pilosicoli'' has also been isolated from '''people, dogd, waterfowl, chickens and guinea pigs.''' | + | ''B. pilosicoli'' has also been isolated from '''people, dogs, waterfowl, chickens and guinea pigs.''' Clinical disease is most common in pigs followed by birds. |
− | Clinical disease is most common in pigs followed by birds. | |
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| '''Overcrowding and movement''' of pigs between sites predisposes them to infection and clinical disease. | | '''Overcrowding and movement''' of pigs between sites predisposes them to infection and clinical disease. |
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| ==Clinical Signs== | | ==Clinical Signs== |
− | Clinical disease is generally '''mild.''' | + | Clinical disease is generally '''mild.''' The signs include '''grey or grey-green [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]]''' which may contain blood or mucus, colitis, '''sub-optimal growth rates and feed efficiency.''' Pigs may require up to 28 additional days to reach slaughter weight. |
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− | '''Grey or grey-green [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]]''' which may contain blood or mucus, and colitis | |
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− | '''Sub-optimal growth rates and feed efficiency.''' Pigs may require up to 28 additional days to reach slaughter weight. | |
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| Occasionally, pigs may become depressed and lethargic. | | Occasionally, pigs may become depressed and lethargic. |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| <references/> | | <references/> |
− | Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Intestinal Spirochaetosis datasheet''', accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
| + | {{CABI source |
| + | |datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=68593&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 porcine intestinal spirochaetosis] |
| + | |date =11 June 2011 |
| + | }} |
| + | <br><br><br> |
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| + | {{review}} |
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− | Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Brachyspira pilosicoli datasheet''', accessed 16/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
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− | [[Category:To Do - CABI review]] | + | [[Category:Zoonoses]] |
| + | [[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Pig]] |
| + | [[Category:Alimentary Diseases - Birds]] |
| + | [[Category:CABI Expert Review]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] |