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| + | {{OpenPagesTop}} |
| + | {{Taxobox |
| + | |name = Psychodidae |
| + | |kingdom = Animalia |
| + | |phylum = [[:Category:Arthropods|Arthropoda]] |
| + | |class = [[Insecta]] |
| + | |sub-class = |
| + | |order = Diptera |
| + | |super-family = |
| + | |family = Psychodidae |
| + | |sub-family = |
| + | |genus = |
| + | |species = |
| + | }} |
| + | Also known as: '''''Sandflies |
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| ==Introduction== | | ==Introduction== |
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| + | The flies of this family are called '''Sandflies''', with ''Phelebotomus'' the genus of real veterinary significance. However, in the New World, the genus ''Lutzomyia'', is also of importance. |
− | | Also known as:
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− | | '''Sandflies
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− | |}
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− | The flies of this family are called ''Sandflies'', with ''Phelebotomus'' the genus of real veterinary significance. However, in the New World, the genus ''Lutzomyia'', is also of importance. | |
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− | ===Scientific Classification===
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− | | Kingdom
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− | | Animalia
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− | |-
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− | | Phylum
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− | | Arthropoda
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− | |-
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− | | Class
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− | | Insecta
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− | |-
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− | | Order
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− | | Diptera
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− | |-
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− | | Family
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− | | Psychodidae
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− | |}
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− | =''Phlebotomus''=
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− | ==Hosts== | + | ==''Phlebotomus''== |
| + | ===Hosts=== |
| Most mammals, reptiles, birds and humans. | | Most mammals, reptiles, birds and humans. |
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− | ==Identification== | + | ===Identification=== |
− | The adults are small flies, only around 5mm in length. They have hairy bodies, and are a yellowish colour. Males have prominent genital terminalia, known as claspers. Both males and females have long, 16 segment antennae. | + | The adults are small flies, only around 5mm in length. They have hairy bodies, and are a yellowish colour. Males have prominent genital terminalia, known as claspers. Both males and females have long, 16 segment antennae. |
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| The eggs are dark brown or black. | | The eggs are dark brown or black. |
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− | ==Life Cycles== | + | ===Life Cycles=== |
| Eggs are laid, and hatch into larvae in 1-2 weeks. The larvae then undergo four further larval stages, before reaching the pupae stage. The adults emerge from pupation around 10 days later. | | Eggs are laid, and hatch into larvae in 1-2 weeks. The larvae then undergo four further larval stages, before reaching the pupae stage. The adults emerge from pupation around 10 days later. |
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| The complete life cycle is between 30-100 days. | | The complete life cycle is between 30-100 days. |
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− | =''Lutzomyia''= | + | ==''Lutzomyia''== |
− | ''Lutzomyia'' is responsible for transmission of leishmaniasis. The sand fly carries the disease from infected animals, and then infects a new host whilst feeding, thus transmitting the disease. | + | ''Lutzomyia'' is responsible for transmission of [[Leishmania|leishmaniasis]]. The sand fly carries the disease from infected animals, and then infects a new host whilst feeding, thus transmitting the disease. |
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| + | Only the females suck blood, and lays large numbers of eggs in dark, humid areas. They undergo three larval transformations before pupating, and then turn into adults. |
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| + | {{Learning |
| + | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Psychodidae&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=OR&q2=Sandflies&occuring2=title&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=75&y=15 ''Psychodidae'' publications] |
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− | Only the females suck blood, and lays large numbers of eggs in dark, humid areas. They undergo three larval transformations before pupating, and then turn into adults.
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| + | {{review}} |
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− | '''Control'''
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− | *Spraying campaigns
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− | **Mosquito control also reduces sandfly numbers
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− | *Household control methods
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− | **Fine mesh screens, repellents and sprays
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| [[Category:Biting_Flies]] | | [[Category:Biting_Flies]] |
− | [[Category:To_Do_-_Max]] | + | |
| + | [[Category:Expert_Review]] |