• Also known as sandflies
  • Phlebotomus (Old World except UK) and Lutzomyia (New World) are both of major veterinary importance
  • Common in the tropics


Recognition

  • 1-3mm long
  • Resemble miniature mosquitoes
  • Hairs on wing margins and veins


Life cycle

  • Eggs are laid on the ground or in cracks on floors
  • Life cycle takes 1-2 weeks to complete


Pathogenesis

  • Females suck blood
  • Transmit Leishmania spp.
    • Responsible for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniosis in humans, using dogs as reservoir hosts


Control

  • Spraying campaigns
    • Mosquito control also reduces sandfly numbers
  • Household control methods
    • Fine mesh screens, repellents and sprays