Changes

merck Usually, sudden deaths in the best-conditioned lambs are the first indication of enterotoxemia. In some cases, excitement, incoordination, and convulsions occur before death. Opisthotonos, circling, and pushing the head against fixed objects are common signs of CNS involvement; frequently, hyperglycemia or glycosuria is seen. Diarrhea may or may not develop. Occasionally, adult sheep are affected; they show weakness, incoordination, and convulsions and die within 24 hr. In goats, the course of disease ranges from peracute to chronic, with signs that vary from sudden death to watery diarrhea with or without blood. Acutely affected calves not found dead show mania, convulsions, blindness, and death in a few hours. Subacutely affected calves are stuporous for a few days and may recover. In goats, diarrhea and nervous signs are seen, and death occurs in several weeks. Type D enterotoxemia occasionally is seen in young horses that have overeaten.  

merck Usually, sudden deaths in the best-conditioned lambs are the first indication of enterotoxemia. In some cases, excitement, incoordination, and convulsions occur before death. Opisthotonos, circling, and pushing the head against fixed objects are common signs of CNS involvement; frequently, hyperglycemia or glycosuria is seen. Diarrhea may or may not develop. Occasionally, adult sheep are affected; they show weakness, incoordination, and convulsions and die within 24 hr. In goats, the course of disease ranges from peracute to chronic, with signs that vary from sudden death to watery diarrhea with or without blood. Acutely affected calves not found dead show mania, convulsions, blindness, and death in a few hours. Subacutely affected calves are stuporous for a few days and may recover. In goats, diarrhea and nervous signs are seen, and death occurs in several weeks. Type D enterotoxemia occasionally is seen in young horses that have overeaten.  

The time course from onset to death is only a few hours, so sheep are normally found dead and only occasionally seen alive.

lewis The disease is peracute and the majority of cases

* Nervous signs, such as head pressing, may be seen.

are found dead. In the rare instances that animals survive

* Paralysis of the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] may result in severe [[Bloat|bloat]].

for a short time, diarrhoea is a feature, as are CNS signs

* Profuse greenish [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] is seen occasionally just before death.

due to the development of focal symmetrical encephalomalacia;

* Only mild catarrhal enteritis is seen in the gut.

typcially, there is ataxia, progressing to

nystagmus, and death.

===Laboratory Tests===

===Laboratory Tests===