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Rat Reproduction - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 13:54, 5 July 2012
, 13:54, 5 July 2012no edit summary
==Male ==
==Male ==
* Lie in the subcutaneous fat near the penis and open into the prepuce.
* Lie in the subcutaneous fat near the penis and open into the prepuce.
* Sebacious glands that secrete a [[Reproductive_Behaviour_-_Attractivity_Behaviour_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Pheromones|pheromone]] used for scent marking.
* Sebacious glands that secrete a [[Attractivity Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Pheromones|pheromone]] used for scent marking.
* Regress with age and fill with stagnant [[Skin_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Glands|sebum]].
* Regress with age and fill with stagnant [[Skin_- Anatomy & Physiology#Glands|sebum]].
=== Puberty and Sexual Maturity ===
=== Puberty and Sexual Maturity ===
==== Ovary ====
==== Ovary ====
* Right [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovary]] is located at the level of L4-5 just caudal to the right [[Macroscopic Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidney]].
* Right [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] is located at the level of L4-5 just caudal to the right [[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidney]].
* Left [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovary]] is located at the level of L5-6 caudal to the left [[Macroscopic Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidney]].
* Left [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] is located at the level of L5-6 caudal to the left [[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidney]].
** Nearer the midline than the right [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovary]].
** Nearer the midline than the right [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]].
* Both [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovaries]] are embedded in fat.
* Both [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovaries]] are embedded in fat.
==== Oviduct ====
==== Oviduct ====
* [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Oviduct_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Oviduct]] is convoluted and winds around the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovary]] in 10-12 loops.
* [[Oviduct - Anatomy & Physiology|Oviduct]] is convoluted and winds around the [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovary]] in 10-12 loops.
==== Uterus ====
==== Uterus ====
* [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Anatomical_Types_of_Uteri|Duplex Uterus]]
* [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology#Anatomical_Types_of_Uteri|Duplex Uterus]]
** Two [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Cervix_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|cervices]]
** Two [[Cervix - Anatomy & Physiology|cervices]]
** Uterine horns remain separate until uniting in a single [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|vagina]].
** Uterine horns remain separate until uniting in a single [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vagina]].
==== Vagina ====
==== Vagina ====
* Vaginal opening lies caudal to clitoral glands and is closed by a membrane until puberty.
* Vaginal opening lies caudal to clitoral glands and is closed by a membrane until puberty.
** '''Clitoral (Preputial) Glands''': Lie in subcutaneous fat near the clitoris and open into a preputial fold.
** '''Clitoral (Preputial) Glands''': Lie in subcutaneous fat near the clitoris and open into a preputial fold.
*** Sebacious glands that secrete a [[Reproductive_Behaviour_-_Attractivity_Behaviour_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Pheromones|pheromone]] used for scent marking.
*** Sebacious glands that secrete a [[Attractivity Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Pheromones|pheromone]] used for scent marking.
==== Attachments and Blood Supply ====
==== Attachments and Blood Supply ====
* Anastamoses between the ovarian and uterine artery occur in the uterine mesentery.
* Anastamoses between the ovarian and uterine artery occur in the uterine mesentery.
* Mesovarium and mesometrium contain large volumes of fat, which surround the [[Macroscopic Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidneys]], abdominal wall and [[Alimentary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|intestinal loops]].
* Mesovarium and mesometrium contain large volumes of fat, which surround the [[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidneys]], abdominal wall and [[Alimentary_- Anatomy & Physiology|intestinal loops]].
===Oestrous Cyclicity ===
===Oestrous Cyclicity ===
* Non-seasonal polyoestrus
* Non-seasonal polyoestrus
* LH surge (responsible for [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovulation]]) is strongly linked to circadian rhythm and usually occurs in the late afternoon.
* LH surge (responsible for [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulation]]) is strongly linked to circadian rhythm and usually occurs in the late afternoon.
* [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-Oestrous_Cycle_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Oestrus cycle]] 4-5 days.
* [[Oestrous Cycle - Anatomy & Physiology|Oestrus cycle]] 4-5 days.
* Duration of oestrus is ~14 hours.
* Duration of oestrus is ~14 hours.
==== Gestation ====
==== Gestation ====
* [[Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Gestation|Gestation]] length is 20-22 days.
* Gestation length is 20-22 days.
* [[Gestation_-Placenta_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Placenta]] is haemochorial.
* [[Placenta - Anatomy & Physiology|Placenta]] is haemochorial.
==== Litter ====
==== Litter ====
* The rat has 6 pairs of mammary glands.
* The rat has 6 pairs of mammary glands.
* Thoracic and inguinal glands act as two discrete complexes, separated by a space just behind the ribs.
* Thoracic and inguinal glands act as two discrete complexes, separated by a space just behind the ribs.
** During lactation, the thoracic glands expand rostrally as far as the [[Oral_Cavity_-_Salivary_Glands_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Major_Salivary_Glands|parotid and mandibular glands]].
** During lactation, the thoracic glands expand rostrally as far as the [[Salivary_Glands_-_Anatomy_&_Physiology#Major_Salivary_Glands|parotid and mandibular glands]].
*** Cranially and medially over the upper forelimb and along the lateral thoracic wall.
*** Cranially and medially over the upper forelimb and along the lateral thoracic wall.
** Inguinal gland covers the lateral abdominal wall back to the stifle and anal region.
** Inguinal gland covers the lateral abdominal wall back to the stifle and anal region.
[[Category:Reproductive System]]
[[Category:Small Mammal Reproduction]][[Category:Bullet Points]]