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| − | {{toplink
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]] |
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| − | |linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology
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| − | |linktext =Alimentary System
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| − | }}
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| − | <br>
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| − | ==Introduction==
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| − | The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
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| − | Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] and [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
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| − | Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[Tooth Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
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| − | Salivary glands can produce a [[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|serous]] secretion, a [[Mucous Salivary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mucous]] secretion or both.
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| − | ==Types of Salivary Glands==
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| − | [[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]] | |
| − | ===Major Salivary Glands===
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| − | *[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
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| − | *[[Mandibular Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
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| − | *[[Sublingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
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| − | *[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
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| − | ===Minor Salivary Glands===
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| − | *[[Labial Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Labial]]
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| − | *[[Lingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Lingual]]
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| − | *[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]]
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| − | *[[Palatine Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Palatine]]
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| − | [[Image:Salivary Glands Dog.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands Labelled (Dog) - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
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| − | ==Innervation==
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| − | *Sympathetic
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| − | **Vasoconstriction occurs
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| − | **Flow of saliva is decreased
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| − | *Parasympathetic (most important)
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| − | **Travel from the brainstem by the facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]) and glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN XI]]) then into branches of the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]])
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| − | **Flow of salivary fluid increases
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| − | **Vasodilation occurs
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| − | *Main nerves are occulomotor ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN III]]), facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]), glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) and vagus ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]])
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| − | ==Saliva==
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| − | *Mainly water
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| − | *Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
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| − | *Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
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| − | *Mucin
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| − | *Electrolytes
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| − | *Antimicrobial agents
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| − | *Lingual lipase
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| − | ==Species Differences==
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| − | [[Image:Salivary Glands of Different Species.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands of cow, horse, pig and dog - Copyright prof. Pat Mccarthy]]
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| − | ===Equine===
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| − | *Produce up to 40L per day
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| − | ===Bovine===
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| − | *Produce 110-180L per day
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| − | ===Porcine===
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| − | *Produce up tp 15L per day
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| − | ==Test yourself with the Salivary Glands flashcards==
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| − | [[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Salivary Glands Flashcards|Salivary Glands Flashcards]]
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| − | ==Links==
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| − | [[:Category:Salivary Glands - Pathology|Salivary Glands Pathology]]
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| − | [[Category:Alimentary System]]
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