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{{Taxobox
{{Taxobox
|name =''Simuliidae
|name =''Simuliidae
|kingdom = Animalia
|kingdom = Animalia
|phylum = Arthropoda
|phylum = [[:Category:Arthropods|Arthropoda]]
|class =[[Insecta]]
|class =[[Insecta]]
|sub-class =
|sub-class =
|species =
|species =
}}
}}
Also known as: '''''Buffalo gnats — Blackfly — Black Fly
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
''Simuliidae'' of the superfamily ''Chironomoidea'' are blood sucking parasites, most active in the morning and evening on warm, cloudy days. They can cause painful, irritating bites and anaemia if present in large numbers. They are vectors for disease, aiding the spread of viruses such as [[Equine Encephalitis Virus|Eastern equine encephalitis]] and vesicular stomatitis.
==Identification==
They are small flies, around 2-4mm long, and usually black/grey. They have an arched thorax giving a 'hump-backed' appearance, and have short, hairless antennae.
==Life cycle==
Eggs are laid on plants or stones under flowing water. The eggs hatch and develop into larvae, which attach to submerged rocks and pupate. They then pupate in a conical shaped cocoon. The adults then emerge later.
The complete life cycle takes '''1 month''' to complete.
*Found worldwide
{{Learning
| literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%28title%3A%28Simuliidae%29+OR+title%3A%28Blackfl*%29+OR+title%3A%28%22Black+fl*%22%29%29&occuring1=freetext&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=65&y=7 ''Simuliidae'' publications since 2000]
}}
{{review}}
{{OpenPages}}
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
[[Category:Expert_Review]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Max]]