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== Pathogenesis  ==
 
== Pathogenesis  ==
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Chorioptes' mouthparts do not pierce the skin and they feed on skin debris and exudate, meaning is pathogenic significance is mild.  
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Chorioptes' mouthparts do not pierce the skin and they feed on skin debris and exudate, meaning its pathogenic significance is mild.  
    
In cattle, economic significance is the main factor as infestation can cause damage to the hide by self trauma.  
 
In cattle, economic significance is the main factor as infestation can cause damage to the hide by self trauma.  
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<br>
    
== Clinical Signs  ==
 
== Clinical Signs  ==
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'''Cattle and Small Ruminants<br>'''
 
'''Cattle and Small Ruminants<br>'''
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*Usually mild conditon
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The disease in these species is usually very mild and not often noticed by stockmen. Signs that are noticed include rubbing and scratching of the affected area and damage to the hide (often not seen until after slaughter).
*Rubbing and scratching of affected area  
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*Hide damage
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Typically affected areas are the base of tail, perineum and the udder, aswell as legs of sheep and goats
*Usually affects the base of the tail, perineum and udder in cattle
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*Usually found on legs of sheep  
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*In goats, affects lower hindlegs, hindquarters and abdomen
      
<br>
 
<br>
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'''Horses'''  
 
'''Horses'''  
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*Induce crusty skin and lesions on the pastern, fetlock and cannon regions
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The disease is more noticable in horses, with them shaking, scrathicng, rubbing, stamping and biting the affected areas regularly. Crusty skin lesions on the pastern, fetlock and cannon are a common manifestation as well as thickening of the skin and loss of hair in chronic cases.
*Often seen in rough-legged horses with heavy feathering
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*Stamping, rubbing or biting of affected area&lt;span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1298978581579_938" /&gt;&lt;span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1298978581579_587" /&gt;
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The problem is worse in colder months and mud can exacerbate the problem to&nbsp;lead to exudative proliferative dermatitis with secondary bacterial infection (greasy heel) in severe cases.
*Occurs more commonly in colder months  
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*Exudative proliferative dermatitis with secondary bacterial infection&nbsp;(greesy heels) can occur in severe cases  
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*Thickened, hairless skin in more severe cases
      
<br>
 
<br>
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== Diagnosis  ==
 
== Diagnosis  ==
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*History and clinical signs  
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History and clinical signs are often used to make a presumptive diagnosis.
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*A skin scraping from the edge of a fresh lesion will often demonstrate the presence of the mite under a microscope
 
*A skin scraping from the edge of a fresh lesion will often demonstrate the presence of the mite under a microscope
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== Treatment  ==
 
== Treatment  ==
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Always clip the affected area
    
'''There&nbsp;are no products&nbsp;currently licensed for treatment of Chorioptes. The list below contains a number of products that have been reported effective'''  
 
'''There&nbsp;are no products&nbsp;currently licensed for treatment of Chorioptes. The list below contains a number of products that have been reported effective'''  
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'''Topical'''  
 
'''Topical'''  
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*Clip affected area
   
*1% Selenium sulphide shampoo. Whole body shampoo  
 
*1% Selenium sulphide shampoo. Whole body shampoo  
 
*Fipronil (Frontline spray) on affected area
 
*Fipronil (Frontline spray) on affected area
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'''Systemic'''  
 
'''Systemic'''  
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*Ivermectin, paste for horses, good to eliminate the mite in a group infestation  
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*Ivermectin, paste for horses, good to eliminate the mite in a group infestation
*Treat all in-contact animals, disinfect housing and dispose of bedding.
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Treat all in-contact animals and disinfect bedding, housing and any shared&nbsp;tack (horses).
    
<br>
 
<br>
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Lloyd, D.H, Littlewood, J.D, Craig, J.M, Thomsett, L.R. (2003) Practical Equine Dermatology, Blackwell Science<br>Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L, Wall, R.L, (2007) Veterinary Parasitology third edition, Blackwell Science  
 
Lloyd, D.H, Littlewood, J.D, Craig, J.M, Thomsett, L.R. (2003) Practical Equine Dermatology, Blackwell Science<br>Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L, Wall, R.L, (2007) Veterinary Parasitology third edition, Blackwell Science  
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Cattle]] [[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Sheep]][[Category:To_Do_- Kate]][[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Horse]] [[Category:Integumentary_System_-_Mite_Infections]]
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Cattle]] [[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Sheep]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Review]] [[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Horse]] [[Category:Integumentary_System_-_Mite_Infections]]
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