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{{Taxobox

{{Taxobox

|name              = ''Theileria'' spp

|name              = ''Theileria'' spp

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

[[Image:Theileria parva life cycle.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Theileria parva'' Life Cycle Diagram - Dennis Jacobs & Mark Fox RVC]]

[[Image:Theileria parva life cycle.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Theileria parva'' Life Cycle Diagram - Dennis Jacobs & Mark Fox RVC]]

''Theileria'' species are a group of '''[[Protozoa | protozoan]]''' pathogens causing severe '''lymphatic proliferative disease''' in cattle.

''Theileria'' species are a group of '''[[Protozoa | protozoan]]''' pathogens causing severe '''lymphatic proliferative disease''' in cattle.

'''''T. parva''''' is the species of most veterinary importance, affecting cattle in Central and Eastern Africa.

'''''T. parva''''' is the species of most veterinary importance, affecting cattle in Central and Eastern Africa and is the cause of [[East Coast Fever | East Coast Fever]].

Other species cause significant economic losses in the Mediterranean, Middle East and Northern Africa.

Other species cause significant economic losses in the Mediterranean, Middle East and Northern Africa.

==Lifecycle==

==Lifecycle==

''Theileria'' are transmitted via the [[Haemaphysalis spp.|''Haemaphysalis'']] and [[Rhipicephalus spp.|''Rhipicephalus'']] and [[Dermacentor spp.|''Dermacentor'']] species of '''[[Ticks|tick]] vectors'''.

''Theileria'' are transmitted via the [[Haemaphysalis spp.|''Haemaphysalis'']] and [[Rhipicephalus spp.|''Rhipicephalus'']] species of '''[[Ticks|tick]] vectors'''.

   

   

'''Sporozoites''' enter '''mononuclear''' cells of the host and develop into '''trophozoites''' and multinucleate '''schizonts''' by '''asexual''' reproduction. This process stimulates proliferation of the host cells, allowing further multiplication of the parasite. The local '''[[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph nodes]]''' are first infected.

'''Sporozoites''' enter '''mononuclear''' cells of the host and develop into '''trophozoites''' and multinucleate '''schizonts''' by '''asexual''' reproduction. This process stimulates proliferation of the host cells, allowing further multiplication of the parasite. The local '''[[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph nodes]]''' are first infected.

<big><b>[[Theileriosis - Cattle |Bovine Theileriosis]]

<big><b>[[Theileriosis - Cattle |Bovine Theileriosis]]

[[East Coast Fever]]</b></big>

[[East Coast Fever]]

 

[[Babesiosis - Horse|Equine Babesiosis]]</b></big>

==''Theileria parva''==

==''Theileria parva''==

''T. parva'' is primarily a parasite of '''African buffalo''' and the cause of '''[[Theileriosis - Cattle | Bovine Theileriosis]]''' and '''[[East Coast Fever]]'''. It is transmitted by a wide range of [[Ticks |tick]] hosts and also the burrowing mite, '''''[[Sarcoptes | Sarcoptes scabei]]'''''.

''T. parva'' is primarily a parasite of '''African buffalo''' and the cause of '''[[Theileriosis - Cattle | Bovine Theileriosis]]''' and '''[[East Coast Fever]]'''. It may be transmitted by a wide range of [[Ticks |tick]] hosts although ''Rhipicephalus appeniculatus'' is the most importnat in the field.

The protozoa form '''rod shaped''' piroplasms within host [[Erythrocytes | erythrocytes]].

The protozoa form '''rod shaped''' piroplasms within host [[Erythrocytes | erythrocytes]].

Sheep and mice can also be infected.

Sheep and mice can also be infected.

It also infects sheep and yaks.

It also infects sheep and yaks.

==References==

==''Theileria equi''==

''Theileria equi'' (formerly ''Babesia equi'') and ''Babesia caballi'' cause [[Babesiosis - Horse|babesiosis in horses]].

Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Theileria datasheet''', accessed 04/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/

 

{{Learning

{{Learning

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[[Category:Piroplasmida]]

[[Category:Piroplasmida]]

[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]

[[Category:CABI Expert Review]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]

[[Category:Nick Lyons reviewed]]