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Toxascaris leonina (view source)

Revision as of 17:45, 4 June 2016

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=== '''''TOXOSCARIS LEONINA''''' ===
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{{OpenPagesTop}}
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''T. leonina'' is a little smaller (up to 10cm), but otherwise similar in appearance to ''[[Toxocara canis|T. canis]]''. With a female worm, the easiest way to tell them apart is to cut it open and examine the eggs under the microscope. The eggs of ''Toxoscaris'' are smooth and pale; whilst those of ''Toxocara'' species are dark and pitted.
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{{Taxobox
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|name              = Toxascaris leonina
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|kingdom            =  
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|phylum            =  
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|class              = [[Nematodes|Nematoda]]
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|sub-class          =  
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|order              =  
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|super-family      = [[Ascaridoidea]]
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|family            =
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|sub-family        =
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|genus              =
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|species            =
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}}
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Also known as: '''''Toxascaris limbata
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The biology of ''T. leonina'' is generally similar to that of ''T. canis'', '''except''':
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==Hosts==
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*it infects both felidae and canidae
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Dogs, cats, and foxes.
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*in the final host:
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**there is '''no prenatal transmission'''
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**there is '''no transmammary transmission'''
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**there is '''no hepato-tracheal migration'''
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*in 'paratenic' hosts:
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**develops to L3 in tissues (the 'paratenic' hosts therefore are really facultative intermediate hosts).
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Transmission is via ingestion of the embryonated egg or an infected 'paratenic' host. The zoonotic potential is uncertain, but ''T. leonina'' is not thought to be as hazardous as ''T. canis''.
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==Identification==
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''T. leonina'' is of the superfamily [[Ascaridoidea]]. It is similar in appearance to ''[[Toxocara canis]]'', but slightly smaller at around 10cm in length. There are three large lips surrounding the mouth, and there is no buccal capsule.
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The eggs are ovoid, around 75μm in length, with a thick outer shell.
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==Life Cycle==
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The infective stage of ''T. leonina'' is L2, which are found in the egg. The eggs are ingested by the host, hatch, and enter the alimentary tract. The larvae then penetrate the wall of the intestine. The larvae continue to develop and mature into adults. The adults live in the lumen of the intestine. In the host there is:
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*'''no prenatal transmission'''
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*'''no transmammary transmission'''
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*'''no hepato-tracheal migration'''.
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The prepatent period is 10-11 weeks.
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{{Learning
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title:(%22Toxascaris+leonina%22)+OR+title:(%22Toxascaris+limbata%22) ''Toxascaris leonina'' publications]
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/search?s=nematode Nematodes]
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}}
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{{review}}
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{{OpenPages}}
    
[[Category:Ascaridoidea]][[Category:Dog_Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:Ascaridoidea]][[Category:Dog_Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:Cat_Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:Cat_Nematodes]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Max]]
 
Bhavisha
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