Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

In mares, the umbilical cord is normally '''twisted, usually in a clockwise spiral'''. The normal length varies from '''36-83cm'''.

In mares, the umbilical cord is normally '''twisted, usually in a clockwise spiral'''. The normal length varies from '''36-83cm'''.

'''Increased cord length''' (>80cm) has been associated with '''excessive cord torsion''' which can cause twisting of the umbilical blood vessels. This twisting causes '''increased resistance to blood flow''' in both directions and '''poor placental perfusion''' leads to '''foetal death''' and abortion of the autolysed foetus.

'''Increased cord length''' (>80cm) has been associated with '''excessive cord torsion''' which can cause twisting of the umbilical blood vessels. This twisting causes '''increased resistance to blood flow''' in both directions and '''poor placental perfusion''' leads to '''foetal death''' and abortion of the autolysed foetus.

This represents the '''commonest non-infectious cause of equine abortion''' since diagnosing and treating [[Twin Pregnancies - Horse|twin pregnancies]].

This represents the '''commonest non-infectious cause of equine abortion''' since diagnosing and treating [[Twin Pregnancies - Horses|twin pregnancies]].

==Clinical Features==

==Clinical Features==

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[[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]