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Often animals less than 12 months of age are affected although adult onset is recognised.
Often animals less than 12 months of age are affected although adult onset is recognised.
==Clinical Signs==
Crusting, hair loss, grey hyperpigmentation and plugged follicles are typical findings in animals suffering from demodicosis.
Crusting, hair loss, grey hyperpigmentation and plugged follicles are typical findings in animals suffering from demodicosis.
===Dogs===
May be localised or generalised.
May be localised or generalised.
'''Adult Onset Demodicosis:''' Can present as generalised disease or focal alopecia . Onset in adulthood is often associated with internal disease such as ([[Adrenal Glands - Pathology#Adrenal Hyperfunction|hyperadrenocorticism]], immunosuppression or neoplasia. Long term use of glucocorticoids in the West Highland white terrier has been associated with adult onset demodicosis.
'''Adult Onset Demodicosis:''' Can present as generalised disease or focal alopecia . Onset in adulthood is often associated with internal disease such as ([[Adrenal Glands - Pathology#Adrenal Hyperfunction|hyperadrenocorticism]], immunosuppression or neoplasia. Long term use of glucocorticoids in the West Highland white terrier has been associated with adult onset demodicosis.
===Cats===
Often multifocal alopecia particularly of the eyelids, periocular region, head and neck. Erythema scale and crust may be present with varying degrees of pruritus. Otodemodicosis which manifests as an erythematous ceruminous otitis has also been reported in the cat.
Often multifocal alopecia particularly of the eyelids, periocular region, head and neck. Erythema scale and crust may be present with varying degrees of pruritus. Otodemodicosis which manifests as an erythematous ceruminous otitis has also been reported in the cat.
===Cattle===
Pea-sized nodules are present over the body. Each nodule contains several thousand mites. Affects hide quality and is economically important in Australia.
Pea-sized nodules are present over the body. Each nodule contains several thousand mites. Affects hide quality and is economically important in Australia.
==Diagnosis==
History and clinical signs will often indicate demodicosis. Deep skin scraping reveals[[Demodex| ''Demodex'']] mites, eggs and larval forms in high numbers. Hair plucks can also demonstrate mites microscopically.
In all cases of adult onset demodicosis, a detailed history and medical investigation must be undertaken to identify an underlying systemic disease.
===Laboratory Tests===
===Laboratory Tests===
Haematology and Biochemistry may be useful in identifying an underlying cause in adult onset demodicosis.
Haematology and Biochemistry may be useful in identifying an underlying cause in adult onset demodicosis.