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Puerperium - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 16:52, 8 December 2010
, 16:52, 8 December 2010no edit summary
** In dairy cows, up to 2000ml is expelled from the uterus in the first 2-3 days after parturition.
** In dairy cows, up to 2000ml is expelled from the uterus in the first 2-3 days after parturition.
*** By 14-18 days, locial discharge is almost non-existent in most cows.
*** By 14-18 days, locial discharge is almost non-existent in most cows.
==Endometrial Repair==
=== Vasoconstriction ===
* After separation of foetal '''cotyledons''' from maternal '''caruncles''' (within 8-12 hours of delivery of the neonate) vasoconstriction occurs at the base of the maternal caruncle.
=== Necrosis ===
* Irreversible cell death that leads to sloughing of the caruncular mass leaving necrotic tissue in the lochial fluid inside the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]].
* Some blood is released from the caruncular stalk generating a blood-tinged fluid.
=== Sloughing ===
* About 5 days after parturition.
* Caruncles lose cellular organization and integrity.
* Chunks of the caruncles detach from the surface.
* Remnants of blood vessels exposed on the surface.
=== Repair ===
* After the decidual tissue of the caruncle has sloughed into the uterine lumen, the caruncle begins to undergo repair.
* Eventually covered again with endometrial epithelium.
* At the same time caruncular repair is taking place, the intercaruncular endometrial surfaces undergo repair.
* Epithelium of the intercaruncular area repairs at a faster rate than the caruncles.
** Repair of intercaruncular endometrium is usually complete by day 8 post-partum.
* Delay in caruncular repair compared to intercaruncular epithelium is because a large mass of caruncular tissue must undergo necrosis and sloughing before surface epithelial repair can take place.
=== Species Differences ===
* Once again, the most significant example is in the dairy cow. This is the example shown above. However, there are significant species differences.
'''''Time Required for Uterine Involution and Resumption of Ovarian Activity in Various Species'''''
{| style="width:75%; height:200px" border="1"
!'''Species'''
!'''Alpaca'''
!'''Beef Cow'''
!'''Bitch'''
!'''Camel'''
!'''Dairy Cow'''
!'''Ewe'''
!'''Llama'''
!'''Mare'''
!'''Queen'''
!'''Sow'''
|-
| '''Time Required for Complete Uterine Involution (days)'''
| 20
| 30
| 90
| 30-50
| 45-50
| 30
| 20
| 21-28
| 30
| 28-30
|-
| '''Time Required for Resumption of Ovarian Activity'''
| 5-10 days
| 50-60 days (inhibited by lactation)
| 150 days (long natural postpartum anoestrus)
| 25-40 days or up to 1 year (inhibited by lactation)
| 18-25 days
| 180 days (short day breeder)
| 5-10 days
| 5-12 days
| 30 days
| 7 days (inhibited by lactation)
|-
|}
[[Category:Pregnancy and Parturition]]
[[Category:Pregnancy and Parturition]]