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Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 12:58, 5 January 2011
, 12:58, 5 January 2011no edit summary
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
The hyoid apparatus holds the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]] in place and supports the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] and [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] from the skull.
The hyoid apparatus holds the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]] in place and supports the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] and [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] from the skull. It is made up of 5 different bones, which vary in length and size depending on the species.
[[Image:Hyoid Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Hyoid Apparatus in situ - Copyright Nottingham]]
==Structure and Function==
==Structure and Function==
It is attached to the temporal region of the skull by a [[Joints - Anatomy & Physiology#Cartilaginous Joints|synchondrosis joint]]. It is palpable through the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] and is visible when the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is viewed through the mouth. The basihyoid is palpable within the intermandibular space.
The '''sternohyoid''' muscle pulls the hyoid caudally and the '''geniohyoid''' muscle pulls the hyoid rostrally.
[[Image:Hyoid Bones.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Hyoid Apparatus Drawing - Copyright nabrown]]
==The hyoid bones==
'''1. Basihyoid'''
Unpaired bone.
'''2. Stylohyoid'''
Articulates with base of skull at the petrus temporal. A paired bone.
'''3. Epihyoid'''
A paired bone.
'''4. Keratohyoid'''
A paired bone.
'''5. Thyrohyoid'''
Articulates with the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Thyroid Cartilage|thyroid cartilage]] of the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. A paired bone.
==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==
[[Image:Canine Hyoid.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Canine hyoid apparatus - Copyright Nottingham]]
[[Image:Canine Hyoid.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Canine hyoid apparatus - Copyright Nottingham]]
===Carnivores===
===Carnivores===
Stylohyoid bones are not palpable.
===Equine===
===Equine===
Epihyoid is small, the lingual process is present and they have a well developed stylohyoid muscle.
===Ruminants===
Lingual process is present.
===Porcine===
===Porcine===
==Test yourself with the Hyoid Apparatus Flashcards==
Lingual process is present.
==Links==
[[Hyoid Apparatus - Musculoskeletal - Flashcards|Hyoid Apparatus Flashcards]]
Click here for the [[Hyoid Apparatus - Musculoskeletal - Flashcards|hyoid apparatus flashcards]].
[[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
[[Category:To Do - A&P]]
[[Category:To Do - AimeeHicks]]